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Body Logistics > BL6 - Epithelial > Flashcards

BL6 - Epithelial Flashcards

1
Q

What is psoriasis?

A

long-lasting autoimmune disease which is characterized by patches of abnormal skin. These skin patches are typically red, itchy, and scaly.

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2
Q

What disease do dark skinned individuals suffer from in

temperate climates?

A

Vitamin D deficiency

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3
Q

What diseases do light skinned individuals risk in equatorial
climates?

A

Skin Cancer
megaloblastic anemia
Folate deficiency in pregnant women
Oxidative damage

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4
Q

What is albinism?

A

a congenital disorder characterized by the complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes

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5
Q

What is a melanocyte?

A

A cell that produces melanin (found between the dermis and epidermis)

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6
Q

How is melanin made fit for purpose? (Transported)

A
  1. Secreted into vesicles (melanosome)
  2. Microtubules transport them to a keratinocyte
  3. Melanin secreted into cytoplasm and congregate around the supra-nuclear region of cytoplasm
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7
Q

What is the GI mucosa made up of?

A

Muscular mucosae
Lamina Propria (CT)
Epithelium

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8
Q

What are serous membrane?

Consist of?

A

Two-part membranes

Simple squamous
Thin Layer of CT

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9
Q

What are the three types serous membrane?

A

Pericardial sac
Pleura
Peritoneum

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10
Q

How are epithelial cells named?

A

First name is the number of cells and the second is the type.

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11
Q

Simple cells?

A

Single layer of cells

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12
Q

Stratified cells?

A

Layers of cells

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13
Q

Pseudostratified cells

A

comprising only a single layer of cells, has its cell nuclei positioned in a manner suggestive of stratified epithelia.

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14
Q

Name the three cell shapes

A

Squamous - flat
Cuboidal
Columnar

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15
Q

What is transitional epithelium?

A

Layers of epi cells that can expand and contract.

Found in bladder

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16
Q

What is Rubor?

A

A sign. Redness

17
Q

What is Tumor

A

A sign. Swelling

18
Q

What is Calor

A

A sign. Heat. Calor gas

19
Q

What is Dolor

A

A symptom. PAIN

20
Q

Simple squamous cells- Location? 3/5

A

1) Lining of blood and lymph vessels (endothelium)
2) Alveoli
Lining of body cavities (peritoneum, peleura, pericardium)
3) Bowmans capule
4)Loop of henley

21
Q

Simple cuboidal cells- Location? 3/4

A

1) Pancreatic Duct (small ducts around exocrine glands)
2) Around thyroid follicles
3) Collecting ducts
4 surface of ovaries

22
Q

Simple squamous cells- Location/Function? 3/5

A

1) Lining of blood and lymph vessels (endothelium) NUTRIENT EXCHANGE
2) Alveoli GAS EXCHANGE
Lining of body cavities (peritoneum, peleura, pericardium) LUBRICATION
3) Bowmans capule BARRIER
4)Loop of henley

23
Q

Simple cuboidal cells function

A
  • Absorption & secretion
  • Barrier/covering (ovary)
  • Hormone synthesis, storage and mobilisation (thyroid)
24
Q

Simple Columnar cells location 4

A 
Stomach lining & gastric glands
Small intestine & colon
Gallbladder
Large ducts of some exocrine glands
Oviducts
Uterus
Ductuli efferentes of testis
25
Q

Simple pseudostratified cells location 4

A

Lining of nasal cavity, trachea and bronchi
Epididymis and ductus deferens
Auditory tube and part of tympanic cavity
Lacrimal sac
Large excretory ducts

26
Q

STRATFIED SQUAMOUS NON-KERATINIZED

location 4

A 
Oral cavity
Oesophagus
Larynx
Vagina
Part of anal canal
Surface of cornea
Inner surface of eyelid
27
Q

STRATFIED SQUAMOUS NON-KERATINIZED function

A

Protect from abrasion

Reduces water loss

28
Q

STRATFIED SQUAMOUS KERATINIZED

location

A

Skin

29
Q 
STRATFIED SQUAMOUS KERATINIZED 
function  4
A

Protection against abrasion and physical trauma
Prevents water loss
Prevents ingress of microbes
Shields against UV light damage

30
Q

TRANSITIONAL epithelium is found where? 3/4

A

Renal calyces (singular, calyx)
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra

31
Q

How are glands classified?

A

By destination of secretion
By structure of the gland
By nature of the secretion
By the method of discharge

32
Q

Classification by destination of secretion

A

Exocrine

Endocrine

33
Q

What is an exocrine gland?

A

gland with ducts

34
Q

What is an Endocrine gland?

A

‘ductless glands’ which secrete into the bloodstream

35
Q

Classification by structure? 3 types

A
  1. unicellular / multicellular 2. acinar / tubular

3. coiled / branched

36
Q

Merocrine

A

cells excrete their substances by exocytosis; for example, pancreatic acinar cells.

SWEAT GLANDS

37
Q

Apocrine

A

a portion of the cell membrane that contains the excretion buds off.

MAMMARY GLANDS

38
Q

Holocrine

A

the entire cell disintegrates to excrete its substance; for example, sebaceous glands of the skin and nose.

sebaceous glands of the skin (SEBUM)
meibomian glands of the eyelid

Body Logistics (12 decks)

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