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Body Logistics > BL1 > Flashcards

BL1 Flashcards

1
Q

Who developed the microscope?

A

Robert Hook (Cork)

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2
Q

Name three single cells?

A

Sperm, oocyte, Blood cells

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3
Q

Microscopy – what are the 3 stages for making slides?

A

Preserve, Embed, Stain. Prevent from rotting, allow the substance to be cut thinly and to stain so you can see components.

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4
Q

What is used in each step of Microscopy?

A

Formalin/freezing, Paraffin, Haematoxylin and Eosin

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5
Q

In H&E Microscopy what gets stained (colour?) is the E?

A

Eosin – stains cytoplasm and ECM pink

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6
Q

In H&E Microscopy what gets stained (colour?) is the H?

A

Haematoxylin – stains nucleus blue

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7
Q

Whats the 1 pro and 2 cons of freeze sectioning?

A

Quick 10mins.
Technical quality is worse
Specimen degrades

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8
Q

What indicates gout on a microscopic slide?

A

Yellow needle shaped Monosodium urate crystals

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9
Q

What indicates Psuedogout on a microscopic slide

A

Blue rod or rhomboid Calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate crystals

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10
Q

Ultrasound. What gives a good resolution?

A

Short wavelength high frequency

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11
Q

What needs to be maintained in homeostasis? Give 6

A

Conc of nutrients, conc of 02 CO2 salt, pH, Temp, volume and pressure

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12
Q

Whats the integumentary system

A

Organs that protect the body from external water loss/abrasions

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13
Q

What is the endocrine system?

A

Production of hormones to regulate a number of functions

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14
Q

Name the 11 organs found in the endocrine system

A 
Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland
Pineal gland
Thyroid 
Parathyroid
Thymus
Pancreas
Adrenal Glands
Placenta during pregnancy
Testes
Ovary
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15
Q

Name the endocrine organs found in the head. 3

A

Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland
Pineal gland

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16
Q

What is the Innate immune response?

A

NON-SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE (soldiers) come into play immediately or within hours of an antigen’s appearance in the body. These mechanisms include physical barriers such as skin, chemicals in the blood

17
Q

What is the adaptive immune response?

A

SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE

18
Q

What is the Humoral response ?

A

SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE (SPIES) in the FLUIDS of the body. Involves B Lymphocytes

19
Q

What is the cell mediated response?

A

SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE (SPIES) in the Cells of the body. Involves T Lymphocytes

20
Q

Where does the iodine in our diet come from? Why is this a bad idea during pregnancy?

A

Seafood, meat, dairy

Organic milk contains a 1/3 less iodine than normal

21
Q

What does the word ‘goitre’ mean?

A

is a swelling of the thyroid gland that causes a lump to form in the front of the neck.

22
Q

What is the difference between prevalence and incidence

A

(IRate) Incidence is the proportion or predicted Rate of a disease within a population.
Prevalence is the number of people with a condition.

incidence conveys information about the risk of contracting the disease, whereas prevalence indicates how widespread the disease is

23
Q

FUN. how many bones in a human body?

A

206

24
Q

Important. How is immune response classified?

A

CASTLE ANALOGY. non-specific and specific immune response. Non-specific response (Inflammation SOLDIERS) and Specific Immune response (SPIES made up of Humoral response and Cell mediated response. Just differ in location of fighting)

25
Q

How do monoclonal antibodies get formed?

A

APC->T Helper-> Activate B lymphocytes - which fuse with myeloma-> hybridoma-> monoclonal antibodies

26
Q

Why are antibodies effective?

A

Specifically bind to pathogens
Block receptors/neutralisation
Allow easier identification for macrophages

27
Q

What is the antibody complementary binding site called?

A

Epitope

28
Q

Whats the function of microtubules?

E.g 2 MT structures

A

Provide cytoskeletal support
Can act as conveyor belts
Cilia and Centroles

29
Q

What are the two systems used to communicate?

A

Nervous

Endocrine

30
Q

What are the peripheral nerves found in the head called?

A

Cranial Nerves

31
Q

Where a T cells produced?

A

Bone marrow

Mature in thymus

32
Q

Where are B cells produced?

A

Bone marrow

33
Q

How can antibodies be used in histochemistry

A

Attach a fluorescent marker to them and the specifically bind to the area of interest

Body Logistics (12 decks)

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