Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

psychology 2000 > biopsychology (3) > Flashcards

biopsychology (3) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

cells in the nervous system

A

1.) neurons
2.) glial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Neurons

A

central building blocks of the nervous system, send and receive messages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Glial Cells

A

provide structure for the nervous system, transport nutrients and waste products, immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Soma

A

the cell body of the neuron responsible for maintaining the life of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains genetic material (DNA), which is basic information to manufacture all the proteins characteristic of that cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dendrites

A

Receive messages from the other neurons. Electrical signals between neurons are then sent to an extension of the soma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Axon

A

Carries the neural message from the cell body to the axon terminals for communication with other cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Axon Terminals

A

Ends of axonal branches of the neuron, specialized for communication between cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Terminal Buttons

A

Contain synaptic vesicles, which store neurotransmitters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Myelin Sheath

A

Fatty substances that coats the axons of neuron to insulate, protect, and speed up the neural impulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Neurons communicate through

A

nerve impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Neurotramsitters

A

Chemical messengers found in the synaptic vesicles that, when released, have an effect on the next cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Synapse

A

The synapse is the space between the terminal button of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron. The synapse always needs to be clear in order to regulate the production of neurotransmitters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Reuptake

A

Process by which neurotransmitters are taken back into the synaptic vesicles. Involves the neurotransmitter being pumped back into the neuron that released it, in order to clear the synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Resting Potential

A

The state of readiness, when the neuron is not firing a neural impulse. Neuron is not firing Na+ moving into the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Action Potential

A

the release of the neural impulse (electrical signal moving down the neuron’s axon). Electrical signal get sent down to neurons axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Threshold of Excitiation

A

level of charge in the membrane that causes the neuron to become active. Maximum level of Na+ or ion level reached, starters neural electrical reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Agonists

A

Mimic or Enhance the effects of a neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Antagonists

A

Block or Reduce the effects of a neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

relays sensory and motor information to and from the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

Nerves that control all the involuntary muscles, organs, and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Sympathetic

A

fight or flight, reactions to stressful events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Parasympathetic

A

day-to-day functioning, rest and digest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Spinal Cord

A

delivers messages, automatic reflexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Brain

A

comprised of nerves and glia, bi-lateral, all areas interact

26
Q

Sulci

A

Grooves on the brain

26
Q

Lateralization

A

Concept that each hemisphere of the brain is associated with specialized functions.
Left hemisphere controls the right side of the body.
Right hemisphere controls the left side of the body.

27
Q

Gyri

A

Bumps on the brain

28
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

connects left and right side of the brain

29
Q

Parts of the brain

A

Forebrain, Midbrain, and Hindbrain

30
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

The lobes of the brain,
1.) parietal
2.) occipital
3.) frontal
4.) temporal

31
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

Hearing, memory, emotion, and language

31
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

processing sensory information (touch, temperature, and pain)

32
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

in temporal lobe (speech comprehension)

33
Q

Auditory Complex

A

In temporal lobe (responsible for auditory information)

34
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Visual processing, vision

35
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

Planning, organizing, judgement, and reasoning.

36
Q

Motor Cortex

A

plans and coordinates movement

37
Q

Prefrontal Cortex

A

cognitive functioning

38
Q

Broca’s Area

A

language production

39
Q

Broca’s Aphasia

A

Damage to Broca’s area leads to difficulties producing language
Speaking impairment
Difficulty getting words out

40
Q

Thalamus

A

relay center of the brain

41
Q

Limbic System

A

emotional responses

42
Q

Amygdala

A

emotional meaning to memory ex.) smell reminds of christmas or a fond/terrible memory

43
Q

Hippocampus

A

learning and memory

44
Q

Hypothalamus

A

regulates blood pressure, body temperature, and appetite

45
Q

Hindbrain

A

Pons: connects brain to spinal cord
Medulla: controls breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate
Cerebellum: balance, coordination, and motor skills

46
Q

Midbrain

A

Reticular formation: important in regulating the sleep/wake cycle, arousal, alertness, and motor activity
Substantia nigra & Ventral tegmental area (VTA): movement, mood, reward, and addiction control

sensory and motor control, hearing and vision

47
Q

Forebrain

A

Cerebral cortex: surface of the brain that is associated with our highest mental capabilities such as consciousness, thought, emotion, reasoning, language, and memory

Broken into 4 lobes

48
Q

Radiation Imaging

A

CT scan, PET scan

49
Q

Magnetic Scans

A

MRI, fMRI

50
Q

Electrical Scans

A

EEG

51
Q

CT Scan

A

brain x-rays, shows brain tumors

52
Q

PET Scan

A

radiation injected into blood stream, shows brain activity

53
Q

MRI

A

pictures of tissue (brain structure)

54
Q

fMRI

A

brain activity, blood oxygen levels

55
Q

EEG

A

studies brain waves

56
Q

Acetylcholine

A

learning, memory, muscle movement, associated with Alzheimer’s

57
Q

Serotonin

A

mood, hunger, sleep/arousal, depression

58
Q

Dopamine

A

Important for movement and frontal lobe activity;
schizophrenia (high), Parkinson’s disease (low)

psychology 2000 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions