Biology: The Chemical Basis of Life

Question 0

Element

Answer 0

Pure substance that can not be broken down into another substance

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Everything that takes up space and has mass

Question 2

Compound

Answer 2

Substance containing more than one chemically combined

Question 3

Atom

Answer 3

Smallest particle of an element

Question 4

Proton

Answer 4

Positively charged subatomic particle

Question 5

Electron

Answer 5

Negatively charged subatomic particle

Question 6

Neutron

Answer 6

Neutrally charged subatomic particle

Question 7

Nucleus

Answer 7

Center part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons

Question 8

Atomic number

Answer 8

Equal to number of protons in an atom

Question 9

Atomic mass

Answer 9

Equal to the sum of protons and neutrons in one atom

Question 10

Isotope

Answer 10

Same number of protons, different of neutrons

Question 11

Ionic bond

Answer 11

Form when atom gains or loses electron to form ions, oppositely charged ions attract and form a chemical bond

Question 12

Ion

Answer 12

Atom that is charged from gaining or losing electron

Question 13

Covalent bond

Answer 13

Atoms that share electrons, each atom is going to share one electron in the electron pair

Question 14

Molecule

Answer 14

Two or more atoms joined together chemically

Question 15

Chemical reactions

Answer 15

Breaking of olds and new bonds for new substance

Question 16

Valence electrons

Answer 16

Electrons on the outside ring

Question 17

Polar molecule

Answer 17

Electrons aren’t being shared

Question 18

Hydrogen bond

Answer 18

a slightly positive hydrogen atom in one molecule is attracted to a slightly negative atom in a different molecule

Question 19

Thermal energy

Answer 19

Amount of energy associated with random movements of atoms and molecules

Question 20

Cohesion

Answer 20

Sticking together

Question 21

Adhesion

Answer 21

Process of attachment of a substance to the surface of another substance

Question 22

Surface tension

Answer 22

the force that causes the molecules on the surface of a liquid to be pushed together and form a layer

Question 23

Solution

Answer 23

Mixture of two or more substances

Question 24

Solvent

Answer 24

Dissolves other substance, bigger

Question 25

Solute

Answer 25

Substance that is dissolved, smaller

Question 26

Acid

Answer 26

A substance that donates H+(hydrogen ion)

Below 7 on the pH scale

Question 27

Base

Answer 27

A substance that donates OH-(hydroxide ion)

Above 7 on pH scale

Question 28

pH scale

Answer 28

Measuring how acidic or basic a substance is

Question 29

Buffer

Answer 29

Substance that makes a solution resist changes in pH