Biology: Photosynthesis

Question 1

What is the overall reaction for photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen

Question 2

How does the reaction of photosynthesis compare to the reaction of cellular respiration?

Answer 2

the reactions are complete opposites

Question 3

Where does the energy for photosynthesis come from?

Answer 3

the sunlight

Question 4

what plant pigments are involved in photosynthesis?

Answer 4

chlorophyll

Question 5

Explain why chlorophyll appears green to us in terms of what happens to different wavelengths of light that strike a chlorophyll molecule

Answer 5

chlorophyll reflects green light and absorbs violet-blue light

Question 6

How does the amount of energy in light change as the wavelength increases

Answer 6

as the wavelength increases, the energy decreases

Question 7

Which colors of light are most effective for photosynthesis?

Answer 7

blue-violet and orange-red because they can provide energy for photosynthesis

Question 8

In what organelle of a plant cell does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 8

chloroplast

Question 9

What are the two stages of photosynthesis?

Answer 9

light reactions and calvin cycle

Question 10

In which part of the chloroplast does each stage take place?

Answer 10

light reactions take place in thylakoid, and calvin cycle in stroma

Question 11

What happens to water molecules in the light reactions?

Answer 11

the water splits in half

Question 12

What photosynthesis waste product is formed in the light reactions?

Answer 12

oxygen

Question 13

What two products of the light reactions are used up in the Calvin cycle?

Answer 13

NADPH and ATP

Question 14

What happens to carbon dioxide molecules in the calvin cycle?

Answer 14

carbon dioxide is combined with each other and with electrons and H ions from NADPH to make glucose

Question 15

How can cells store the sugar that is produced in photosynthesis?

Answer 15

the sugar is produced as starch

Question 16

Autotroph

Answer 16

organism that makes its own food

Question 17

Photosynthesis

Answer 17

process by which plants use the suns energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars

Question 18

Mesophyll

Answer 18

inner tissue of leaf containing chloroplast

Question 19

Chloroplast

Answer 19

organelle found in plant cells where photosynthesis happens

Question 20

Chlorophyll

Answer 20

pigment that gives a chloroplast its green color, uses light energy to split water molecules during photosynthesis

Question 21

Spongy Layer

Answer 21

part of a leaf found between the lower epidermis and the palisade layer. It consists of chloroplasts and parenchyma cells. It is used to store sugars and amino acids.

Question 22

Stroma

Answer 22

thick fluid contained in the inner membrane of chloroplast

Question 23

Thylakoid

Answer 23

disk-shape sac in the stroma of a chloroplast, where site of the light reactions of photosynthesis

Question 24

Palisade layer

Answer 24

a layer of parallel elongated cells below the epidermis of a leaf.

Question 25

Granum

Answer 25

a stack of thylakoid

Question 26

Potential Energy

Answer 26

energy stored due to an objects position or arrangement

Question 27

Upper epidermis

Answer 27

a single-layered group of cells that covers plants' leaves, flowers, roots and stems. It forms a boundary between the plant and the external environment.

Question 28

Wavelength

Answer 28

distance between adjacent waves

Question 29

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Answer 29

range of types of electromagnetic energy from gamma waves to radio waves

Question 30

Lower epidermis

Answer 30

The under surface of a leaf

Question 31

Pigment

Answer 31

molecule responsible for color you see, and it absorbs and reflects different wavelengths of light

Question 32

Photosystem

Answer 32

cluster of chlorophyll and other molecules in a thylakoid

Question 33

Guard cell

Answer 33

one pair of cells that open and close the stoma of a plant by changing shape, allowing gas exchange with the surrounding air

Question 34

Light Reaction

Answer 34

chemical reactions that convert the suns energy to chemical energy, take place in the membranes of the thylakoids in chloroplast

Question 35

Calvin cycle

Answer 35

cycle in plans that makes sugar from carbon dioxide, H+ ions, and high energy electrons carried by NADPH

Question 36

Stomata

Answer 36

microscopic pores in a leafs surface

Question 37

Vascular bundle

Answer 37

Where xylem and phloem are

Question 38

Xylem

Answer 38

carries water

Question 39

Phloem

Answer 39

carries sugars

Question 40

Electron Transport chain

Answer 40

sequence of electron carrier molecules that transfer electrons and release energy during cellular reps

Question 41

Cuticle

Answer 41

waxy coating on leaves and other above ground parts of plants that helps the plant retain water

Question 42

Phototrophs

Answer 42

does photosynthesis

Question 43

Light reactions

Answer 43

chemical reactions that convert the suns energy to chemical energy, takes place in the membranes of thylakoids in the chloroplasts