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9th Grade > Biology: Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Biology: Photosynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the overall reaction for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen

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2
Q

How does the reaction of photosynthesis compare to the reaction of cellular respiration?

A

the reactions are complete opposites

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3
Q

Where does the energy for photosynthesis come from?

A

the sunlight

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4
Q

what plant pigments are involved in photosynthesis?

A

chlorophyll

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5
Q

Explain why chlorophyll appears green to us in terms of what happens to different wavelengths of light that strike a chlorophyll molecule

A

chlorophyll reflects green light and absorbs violet-blue light

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6
Q

How does the amount of energy in light change as the wavelength increases

A

as the wavelength increases, the energy decreases

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7
Q

Which colors of light are most effective for photosynthesis?

A

blue-violet and orange-red because they can provide energy for photosynthesis

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8
Q

In what organelle of a plant cell does photosynthesis take place?

A

chloroplast

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9
Q

What are the two stages of photosynthesis?

A

light reactions and calvin cycle

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10
Q

In which part of the chloroplast does each stage take place?

A

light reactions take place in thylakoid, and calvin cycle in stroma

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11
Q

What happens to water molecules in the light reactions?

A

the water splits in half

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12
Q

What photosynthesis waste product is formed in the light reactions?

A

oxygen

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13
Q

What two products of the light reactions are used up in the Calvin cycle?

A

NADPH and ATP

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14
Q

What happens to carbon dioxide molecules in the calvin cycle?

A

carbon dioxide is combined with each other and with electrons and H ions from NADPH to make glucose

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15
Q

How can cells store the sugar that is produced in photosynthesis?

A

the sugar is produced as starch

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16
Q

Autotroph

A

organism that makes its own food

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17
Q

Photosynthesis

A

process by which plants use the suns energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars

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18
Q

Mesophyll

A

inner tissue of leaf containing chloroplast

19
Q

Chloroplast

A

organelle found in plant cells where photosynthesis happens

20
Q

Chlorophyll

A

pigment that gives a chloroplast its green color, uses light energy to split water molecules during photosynthesis

21
Q

Spongy Layer

A

part of a leaf found between the lower epidermis and the palisade layer. It consists of chloroplasts and parenchyma cells. It is used to store sugars and amino acids.

22
Q

Stroma

A

thick fluid contained in the inner membrane of chloroplast

23
Q

Thylakoid

A

disk-shape sac in the stroma of a chloroplast, where site of the light reactions of photosynthesis

24
Q

Palisade layer

A

a layer of parallel elongated cells below the epidermis of a leaf.

25
Q

Granum

A

a stack of thylakoid

26
Q

Potential Energy

A

energy stored due to an objects position or arrangement

27
Q

Upper epidermis

A

a single-layered group of cells that covers plants’ leaves, flowers, roots and stems. It forms a boundary between the plant and the external environment.

28
Q

Wavelength

A

distance between adjacent waves

29
Q

Electromagnetic Spectrum

A

range of types of electromagnetic energy from gamma waves to radio waves

30
Q

Lower epidermis

A

The under surface of a leaf

31
Q

Pigment

A

molecule responsible for color you see, and it absorbs and reflects different wavelengths of light

32
Q

Photosystem

A

cluster of chlorophyll and other molecules in a thylakoid

33
Q

Guard cell

A

one pair of cells that open and close the stoma of a plant by changing shape, allowing gas exchange with the surrounding air

34
Q

Light Reaction

A

chemical reactions that convert the suns energy to chemical energy, take place in the membranes of the thylakoids in chloroplast

35
Q

Calvin cycle

A

cycle in plans that makes sugar from carbon dioxide, H+ ions, and high energy electrons carried by NADPH

36
Q

Stomata

A

microscopic pores in a leafs surface

37
Q

Vascular bundle

A

Where xylem and phloem are

38
Q

Xylem

A

carries water

39
Q

Phloem

A

carries sugars

40
Q

Electron Transport chain

A

sequence of electron carrier molecules that transfer electrons and release energy during cellular reps

41
Q

Cuticle

A

waxy coating on leaves and other above ground parts of plants that helps the plant retain water

42
Q

Phototrophs

A

does photosynthesis

43
Q

Light reactions

A

chemical reactions that convert the suns energy to chemical energy, takes place in the membranes of thylakoids in the chloroplasts

9th Grade (19 decks)

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