biology: photosynthesis

Question 0

Energy storage molecule

Answer 0

ATP adenosine triphosphate
Three phosphates+adenine+ribose
Energy released when it loses a phosphate and becomes ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and an inorganic phosphate

Question 1

Why do we need energy?

Answer 1

Cell growth, metabolism, reproduction, movement

Question 2

Stomata

Answer 2

Microscopic pores in leaf
CO2 and O2 are exchanged
H2O can also leave

Question 3

Chloroplasts

Answer 3

Organelles located in plant cells
Surrounded by two membranes
absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis

Question 4

How to build up ATP?

Answer 4

Adenosine diphosphate+ phosphate + energy= ATP

Question 5

How do organisms get energy to form ATP?

Answer 5

Autotrophs make their own

Heterotrophs eat other organisms

Question 6

How do autotrophs make heir own food?

Answer 6

Through photosynthesis
Photo= using light
Synthesis= making food
Light+6H2O+6CO2=C6H12O6+6O2

Question 7

WHat parts of chloroplast involved with photosynthesis?

Answer 7

Thylakoids, granum, stroma, pigments

Question 8

Thylakoids

Answer 8

Photosynthetic membrane

Question 9

Granum

Answer 9

Stack of thylakoids

Question 10

Stroma

Answer 10

Fluid outside of thylakoids

Question 11

Pigments

Answer 11

Light absorbing molecules
Embedded in thylakoids membrane
Absorbs every light color except the one we see

Question 12

Chlorophylls a and b

Answer 12

Pigment that absorbs all light wavelengths except green

Located in leaves and non-woody stems

Question 13

Carotenoids

Answer 13

Pigment that absorbs all light except orange and yellow

Question 14

What three types of tissues are plants made of?

Answer 14

Dermal, vascular, ground

Question 15

Why type of structure does vascular tissue make?

Answer 15

Xylem and phloem

Question 16

What structure does dermal tissue make?

Answer 16

Outer layer of plant

Question 17

What type of structure does ground tissue make?

Answer 17

Photosynthetic tissue

Question 18

Function if xylem

Answer 18

Carries water, minerals and hormones

Question 19

Function of phloem

Answer 19

Carries sugar/food

Question 20

What two reactions are involved in photosynthesis

Answer 20

light dependent and light independent

Question 21

light-dependent reaction

Answer 21

using sun’s energy and H2O to make chemical energy (ATP and NADPH)
NADPH: carries electrons through photosynthesis

Question 22

light-independent reaction

Answer 22

aka Calvin Cycle

uses ATP/ NADPH from light dependent reaction and CO2 to make sugar

Question 23

photosystem

Answer 23

cluster of chlorophyll and carotenoids
photosystem II and I
both embedded in thylakoid membrane

Question 24

what occurs in both photosystem II and I

Answer 24

1. light is absorbed directly by pigments
   increases the electron energy level
2. “excited”; electrons passes to Electron Transport Chain
   embedded in thylakoid membrane

Question 25

Where do the electrons end up?

Answer 25

Electrons+NADP+ =NADPH

NADPH goes to Calvin Cycle

Question 26

How do electrons get replaced in Photosystem II

Answer 26

from Photosystem II electrons
replaced by splitting H2O into H+, O2, an electron
O2 is oxygen we breath

Question 27

how do electrons get replaced in photosystem I

Answer 27

electrons from Photosystem II (ETC)

Question 28

Where does the Calvin cycle occur?

Answer 28

Stroma

Question 29

What happens to the protons?

Answer 29

H+ (protons) constantly pumped into thylakoid space from water splitting
Creates H+ gradient so thylakoid space is more positively charged
H+ travels down concentration gradient through ATP synthase to get outside thylakoid space and into stroma
generates ATP
ATP travels to Calvin Cycle
this process is called chemiosmosis

Question 30

What does the Calvin cycle make and from what?

Answer 30

Makes sugar from CO2

Question 31

What things effect photosynthesis?

Answer 31

Light, water, temperature