Biology (digestion + heart) Flashcards
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
To break down food into nutrients that the body can use.
True or False: The stomach produces hydrochloric acid to aid in digestion.
True
Fill in the blank: The small intestine is where most _____ occurs.
digestion and absorption
Which organ is responsible for producing bile?
Liver
What are the four main stages of digestion?
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, and egestion.
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.
True or False: Enzymes are consumed in the reactions they catalyse.
False
Fill in the blank: Enzymes are made up of _____.
proteins
Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting enzyme activity? a) Temperature b) pH c) Color d) Substrate concentration
c) Color
Name one example of an enzyme and its substrate.
Amylase and starch.
Short answer: Describe how temperature affects enzyme activity.
As temperature increases, enzyme activity typically increases until it reaches an optimum temperature, after which activity decreases due to denaturation.
What is an independent variable?
Something about an experiment that changes (the input)
What is a dependent variable?
Something about an experiment that you measure (the output)
What are control variables?
Things about an experiment that you ‘control’ and keep the same to make it fair.
What are the 4 chambers of the heart?
The right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium and left ventricle.
