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Test Revision > Biology (all cells) > Flashcards

Biology (all cells) Flashcards

Learn about the cells that make up you and the world around us!

1
Q

What cell is the majority of your blood made out of?

A

Red blood cells.

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2
Q

What blood cells make up your immune system (protect you against bad bacteria)?

A

White blood cells.

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3
Q

What kind of cell are chloroplasts in?

A

Plant cells.

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4
Q

Are cells in the human body plant or animal cells?

A

Animal cells.

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5
Q

What cells are found in plant roots?

A

Root hair cells.

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6
Q

Are cheek cells simple or complex?

A

Simple.

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7
Q

What is another name for a dendrite?

A

A nerve ending.

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8
Q

Where are nerve cells found?

A

All over most animals bodies.

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9
Q

What is unique about a red blood cell?

A

They have no nucleus.

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10
Q

What does a nucleus do?

A

It’s where chemical reactions happen and is also where the DNA in most cells are stored.

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11
Q

What type of cell is a cell wall found in?

A

A plant cell.

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12
Q

What does specialised mean?

A

It means there is something specific that a certain cell does to help it do its job better. Eg. Red blood cells are specialised because they have no nucleus, giving them more space to carry oxygen in.

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13
Q

What is the M in MRS GREN?

A

Movement

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14
Q

What is the first R in MRS GREN?

A

Reproduction

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15
Q

What is the S in MRS GREN?

A

Sensitivity

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16
Q

What is the G in MRS GREN?

A

Growth

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17
Q

What is the second R in MRS GREN?

A

Reproduction

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18
Q

What is the E in MRS GREN?

A

Excretion

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19
Q

What is the N in MRS GREN?

A

Nutrition

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20
Q

What do we use MRS GREN FOR?

A

Testing if an organism is alive or not.

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21
Q

What does mitochondria do?

A

Respiration.

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22
Q

What colour are chloroplasts?

A

Green.

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23
Q

What do chloroplasts do?

A

Photosynthesis.

24
Q

What is osmosis?

A

The diffusion of water molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration.

25
Q

What is diffusion?
(I’ll put this in the chemistry deck too)

A

Where particles move from a high concentration to a low concentration.

26
Q

Why does diffusion happen?

A

Because of the randomness of the particles.

27
Q

What is an equilibrium?

A

When something has diffused and is still moving, but at the same time so that it is always equal. The end result is an equal concentration, or equilibrium, of molecules on both sides of the membrane. At equilibrium, movement of molecules does not stop.

28
Q

Why is diffusion useful for cells?

A

It helps them take in more glucose and oxygen molecules and take out more water and carbon dioxide. Basically- they’re greedy. If there was an equilibrium, the cell wouldn’t be getting as much glucose as possible.

29
Q

What is inside chloroplasts?

A

Chlorophyll.

30
Q

What is a cell wall made out of?

A

Cellulose.

31
Q

What does sensitivity mean in the context of biology?

A

How an organism can sense and feel (in a way) the things around it.

32
Q

What is a flagellum?

A

A sort of tail on the end of some animal cells to help them move.

33
Q

What is a pseudopod?

A

A pseudopod is a sort of foot that is produced when an amoeba changes its body shape to help it move around.

34
Q

What is a unicellular organism?

A

A living thing comprised of only one cell.

35
Q

What are four examples of unicellular organisms?

A

Amoeba, bacteria, euglena (the special plant/animal one we looked at) and fungi.

36
Q

What is an example of a bacteria?

A

E. Coli or Vibrio.

37
Q

What is one example of a fungi?

A

Yeast.

38
Q

What is a specialised cell?

A

A cell that is adapted to do a specific job.

39
Q

What do we use to look at cells?

A

A microscope.

40
Q

What are the two wheels that we use to focus a microscope?

A

The coarse/rough focus wheel and the fine focus wheel.

41
Q

What do we use the coarse focus wheel for?

A

Moving the stage up and down.

42
Q

What do we use the fine focus wheel for?

A

To get a really focused image.

43
Q

Which part of a microscope do we look through?

A

The eyepiece lens.

44
Q

What are the 4 lenses on a microscope?

A

The eyepiece lens, and the three objective lenses.

45
Q

What do the objective lenses do?

A

They adjust the magnification on a microscope. You can remember this by thinking, “the objective lenses are used to magnify the object”. That might help x

46
Q

What do you use the stage clips for?

A

Clipping a slide onto the stage of the microscope.

47
Q

What is a stage on a microscope?

A

The main body a slide rests on.

48
Q

Where should you carry a microscope by?

A

The arm or the base.

49
Q

Whereabouts is the light/lamp/illuminator on a microscope?

A

Underneath the stage. There is a small glass hole so that the light can shine through to the slide.

50
Q

What dye do you use for an onion cell slide?

A

Iodine solution. (The brown one)

51
Q

If you had a glass of pure water, what concentration of water would that be?

A

A high concentration of water.

52
Q

If you have a glass which is mainly juice but has a few drops of water in it, what concentration of water would it have?

A

A low/dilute concentration.

53
Q

What is one feature both a plant and animal cell has?

A

You could have said a vacuole, a nucleus, a cell membrane or mitochondria.

54
Q

Why are mitochondria important?

A

Because they carry out respiration which is vital to any cell because it’s how they get energy.

55
Q

What are ribosomes?

A

They are where protein synthesis happens.

56
Q

What do ribosomes do?

A

Protein synthesis- they turn protein into energy.

Test Revision (21 decks)

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