Biological Molecules Lipids Flashcards
1
Q
Lipids
A
- Molecules that can be extracted from cell tissue by non-polar organic solvents such as steroids, prostaglandins, fats, oils and wax
2
Q
Complex lipids
A
- Easily hydrolysed to simple constituents
- Esters of long chain carboxylic acids called fatty acids
- 2 major groups of fatty acids are waxes and glyceride
- Waxes - esters of long chain alcohol
- Glyceride - esters of glycerol
3
Q
Simple lipids
A
- Not easily hydrolysed by aqueos acid and base
- Steroids, Prostraglandin and terpenes
4
Q
Function of water insoluable hydrocarbon
A
- Structural component of membrane - Phospholipid and cholesterol
- Hydrophobic head and hydrophilic tail
5
Q
Cholesterol
A
- Rigidity to membrane - emmbedded between the phospholipid membrane
6
Q
Importance of lipids
A
- Higher energy store - triglycerides stored in adipose tissue
6
Q
Importance of lipids
A
- Higher energy store - triglycerides stored in adipose tissue
7
Q
Importance of lipids
A
- Higher energy store - triglycerides stored in adipose tissue
- Intracellular signalling transcription factors
8
Q
Triglyceride
A
- 3 glycerol OH has been esterified by the fatty acids
9
Q
Fats and oils
A
- Fats are solid at room temperature
- Oils are liquid at room temperature
- Long term energy stores
10
Q
Saturated and unsaturated fatty acid characteristics
A
- Melting point higher than unsaturated
- Packed closer compared to unsaturated
- Oils are most likely unsaturated liquid at room temp
11
Q
Saponification
A
- Base promoted hydrolysis of ester linkage in fats and oils
- Boil vegatable oil with NaOH forms soap (Sodium salt)
12
Q
Micelles
A
- Carboxylate oxygen atom once in water share the negative charge participating in a strong hydrogen bonding with water molecules
13
Q
Why is soap useful?
A
- Diffrent affinity of soap molectes to the two ends due to hydrophobicity
- Emulsion droplet formation
14
Q
Phospholipid
A
- Lipid that contains phosphoric acid
- Phosphoglycerides instead of one fatty acid there is a triglyceride
