Biol 220 (skin and burn conditions)

Question 1

Melanoma (What is the A in the early detection rule?)

Answer 1

a: asymmetry; there two sides of the pigmented area do not match.

Question 2

Melanoma (What is the B in the early detection rule?)

Answer 2

B: border irregularly; exhibits indentations

Question 3

Melanoma (What is the C in the early detection rule?)

Answer 3

C: colour; contains several colours (black, brown, tan, sometimes red or blue)

Question 4

Melanoma (What is the D in the early detection rule?)

Answer 4

D: diameter; larger than 6mm (pencil eraser size)

Question 5

Melanoma (what is it and its characteristics

Answer 5

• Cancer of melanocytes; is most dangerous type because it is highly metastatic and resistant to chemotherapy
• Treated by wide surgical excision accompanied by immunotherapy
• Key to survival is early detection: ABCD rule

Question 6

What rule is used to evaluate burns?

Answer 6

• To evaluate burns, the Rule of Nines is used
• Body is broken into 11 sections, with each section representing 9% of body surface (except genitals, which account for 1%)
• Used to estimate volume of fluid loss

Question 7

First-degree burn (What is it classified as)

Answer 7

First-degree
- Epidermal damage only
- Localized redness, edema (swelling), and pain

Question 8

Second degree burn (What are its characteristics?)

Answer 8

Second-degree
- Epidermal and upper dermal damage
- Blisters appear
- First- and second-degree burns are referred to as partial-thickness burns because only the epidermis and upper dermis are involved

Question 9

Third degree burn (What are its characteristics?)

Answer 9

Third-degree
- Entire thickness of skin involved (referred to as - full-thickness burns)
- Skin color turns gray-white, cherry red, or blackened
- No edema is seen and area is not painful because nerve endings are destroyed
- Skin grafting usually necessary

Question 10

What classifies a critical burn?

Answer 10

Burns are considered critical if:
- >25% of body has second-degree burns
- >10% of body has third-degree burns
- Face, hands, or feet bear third-degree burns

Question 11

What are the different treatments to burns?

Answer 11

Treatment includes:
- Debridement (removal of burned skin)
- Antibiotics
- Temporary covering
- Skin grafts

Question 12

Ectoderm (What does it give rise to?)

Answer 12

Nerve tissue arises from ectoderm (most superficial)

Question 13

Mesoderm (What does it give rise to?)

Answer 13

Muscle and connective tissues arise from mesoderm (Middle)

Question 14

Where do epithelial tissues arise from?

Answer 14

Epithelial tissues arise from all three germ layers

Question 15

Endoderm (What does it give rise to?)

Answer 15

Gives rise to the gut and internal structures (Deepest layer)