Biochemistry of carbohydrates Flashcards
What carbonyl compounds can carbs be based upon
ketones and aldehydes
where are beta-sugars’ anomeric attachments?
aBove the ring
where are alpha-sugars’ anomeric attachments?
below the ring
what composes maltose
glucosex2
what composes lactose
galactose and glucose
what composes sucrose
fructose and glucose
what kind of linkages does amylose have
alpha 1-4 glucose links
what linkages does glycogen have
alpha 1-6 glucose molecules with alpha 1-4 branches
what linkage does cellulose have
beta 1-4 linkages
what are glycoaminoglycans
long, linear, repeating disaccharide chains negatively charged
How are sugars activated
by linking them with a nucleotide (UDP)
What is glycation
spontaneous damaging reaction between sugars and proteins
Where do glycosylated proteins go
they are secreted or put in the extracellular leaf of the plasma membrane
What AA(s) undergo N linked glycosylation
Asparagine
What AA(s) undergo O linked glycosylation
Serine and Threonine
