Biochemistry (5%) Flashcards
Which organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids?
• proteins
- carbohydrates
- nucleic acids
- lipids
• proteins
The polar compound which is the universal solvent and has the unique properties of adhesion, capillarity and cohesion is:
• carbon monoxide
- carbon dioxide
- sulfur dioxide
- water
• water
A lumbar spine MRI scan confirms the presence of an L4/L5 intervertebral disc herniation in a 35-year-old female patient with chronic back and leg pain. By which of the following mechanisms has the intrinsic load bearing function of this structure been lost?
• increased hydrostatic pressure
• diminished blood supply to the cells of the nucleus pulposus
• decreased strength and coordinated function of spinal musculature
• impaired cellular-extracellular matrix interaction
• impaired cellular-extracellular matrix interaction
Which of the following elements is the LEAST abundant in living organisms?
• nitrogen
- oxygen
- phosphorous
- sodium
• sodium
This process begins to make copies of the components needed to form new viruses. • Attachment • Penetration • Biosynthesis • Maturation
• Biosynthesis
The combination of all the chemical reactions that take place in an organism
• homeostasis
- metabolism
- chemical bonds
- enzyme
• chemical bonds
Defective cell membranes are likely to initially result in which one of the following dysfunctions?
• enhanced protein denaturation
- changes in membrane permeability
- decrease in metabolic regulation
- decrease in cellular energy production
• changes in membrane permeability
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the breakdown of the larger molecules of the nutrients to smaller molecules • Defecation • Chemical digestion • Mechanical digestion • Absorption
• Chemical digestion
Cell membranes are composed mainly of
• carbohydrates
- lipids
- amino acids
- proteins
• lipids
Which of the following statements regarding the lipid bilayer (cell membrane) is not true?
• It contains cholesterol
- It contains no channels
- Proteins are the most abundant based on weight
- It primarily contains phospholipids
• It contains no channels
Which of the following ways is NOT how ATP is produced? • Creatine Phosphate • Anabolic restoration • Anaerobic Respiration • aerobic respiration
• Anabolic restoration
A chiropractor performs autolytic debridement in an attempt to remove nonviable tissue from a stage IV pressure ulcer. Autolytic debridement removes necrotic tissue by using:
• a sharp instrument
- an externally applied force
- a commercially prepared enzyme
- the body’s own mechanisms
• the body’s own mechanisms
