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CCEB Part A > 2018 > Flashcards

2018 Flashcards

1
Q

Lesion of Cranial nerve X : where does it exit, where is the lesion

A

exits brain from behind the olive in the medulla oblongata and leaves through the jugular foramen

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2
Q

What skull fracture is often associated with a lesion of the middle meningeal artery ?

A

the temporal bone at the pterion

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3
Q

What substances make up the plaques in atherosclerosis

A

cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium and fibrin

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4
Q

What bacteria cause meningitis

A 
Streptococcus pneumoniae (airborne)
Group B Streptococcus
Neisseria meningitidis (salivary fluid) (teens)
Haemophilus influenzae
Listeria monocytogenes
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5
Q

What creates the need to increase dosage for the same effect of a drug over time

A

desensitization of receptors

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6
Q

What are the infra-hyoid muscles

A

Thryohyoid
sternothryoid
sternohyoid
omohyoid (lateral)

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7
Q

Patient who exercises a lot and eats little. What is this patients energy source

A

gluconeogenesis (after glycolysis)

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8
Q

4 year old with fever, headache and stiff neck. Her right leg has a flaccid paralysis. What is the cause

A

meningitis ? ventral horn lesion (in review notes)

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9
Q

What nerve innervates temporal and masseter muscles

A

mandibular nerve (V3)

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10
Q

during cervical rotation which articulation will stop you from checking your blindspot

A

C1-C2

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11
Q

microcytic anemia hypochrome : how is the blood cell

A

small and colourless

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12
Q

Elbow pain when removing backpack and putting it on the table. what type of contraction is responsible for the pain

A

eccentric contraction

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13
Q

Where is the cell body of the superior gluteal nerve

A

Ventral horn : sacral plexus L4/L5/S1

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14
Q

a patient arrives with calf pain with tension in the leg and has a severe pulmonary infection. You refer him with suspicion of what

A

pulmonary embolism

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15
Q

What is the effect of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirine)

A

reduce production of prostaglandines and thromboxine by COX enzyme

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16
Q

Child with a sore throat and then headache, neck stiffness and fever. What bacteria is the cause.

A

Streptococcus B

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17
Q

What facilitates iron absorption

A

Vitamin C

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18
Q

cholesterol is a precursor of what vitamine

A

Vitamin D

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19
Q

Patient with back pain does SLR with leg straight which causes pain and then with external rotation which doesn’t cause pain. explain

A

piriformis ?

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20
Q

which sections of the sarcomere contract during muscle contraction

A

A band : same (length of thick filament)
Z line : same
H-zone : narrows and dissapears (thick filament only)
I band : contracts (thin filament only)

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21
Q

abdominal lesion to the left that hurts during left rotation which muscle is hurt

A

internal oblique

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22
Q

a kid played video games all weekend and can no longer extend his thumb, what muscle is involved

A

long abductor

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23
Q

what innervates facet joints and disks

A

medial branch of the dorsal ramus

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24
Q

What innervates disks?

A

sinuvertebral nerves

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25
Q

Punch out lesions in a elderly patient’s spine. What will we find on their blood test

A

Bence jones proteins (multiple myeloma)

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26
Q

What nerve innervates arm extensors

A

C6-C7-C8 ?? c7-c8 or c6-c7

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27
Q

benign pancreatic tumor on the islets can cause what

A

increased insuline secretion

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28
Q

Sympathetic ganglia T10, which nerve

A

Lesser splanchnic nerve

least splanchnic T12, Greater T5-9

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29
Q

If you have a complete lesion of a root, what symptom

A

anesthesia. (no sensation whatsoever.

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30
Q

What to do when you have kidney stones

A

drink lots of water.

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31
Q

medial elbow injury, what nerve could be injured

A

ulnar

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32
Q

how can you transmit a meningitis

A

kissing, airborne droplets

33
Q

patient with trouble abducting and externally rotation arm. there is a lesion of the transverse scapular ligament, what nerve could be injured

A

suprascapular nerve.

34
Q

What pathways could be interrupted with a tumour in the internal capsule

A

corticospinal, spino-thalamic, dorsal column/ lemniscal

35
Q

what could occur in children if mother doesnt eat enough green vegetables

A

B9 deficiency, spina bifida

36
Q

what causes benign prostate hyperplasia

A

proliferation of epithelial and stromal cells

37
Q

what foods can increase risk of kidney stones

A

beets, rhubarb spinach, seafood, salt

38
Q

horizontal nystagmus is caused by what

A

vestibular system

39
Q

finger-nose test is positive for what syndrome

A

cerebellar

40
Q

what movement is more present in the lower thoracics then in the upper

A

flexion

41
Q

patient with numbness in the leg but neural exam is normal. what is it

A

paresthesia

42
Q

MVA motor vehicle accident a few months ago and has many symptoms, how are these symptoms described

A

somatoform/psychosomatic

43
Q

patient with torn infraspinatous and teres minor what would you see

A

less compression of humerus in glenohumeral joint and preferential internal rotation lack of external

44
Q

what natural supplement to diminish inflammation in the hips

A

curcumin

45
Q

you were doing subscapular work and hit a nerve that sent tingling into the patients 4th and 5th fingers. which nerve was it

A

ulnar

46
Q

what type of epithelium is in the duodenum

A

simple columnar

47
Q

complete extension of the knee is limited by what muscle

A

triceps surae (calf muscles)

48
Q

you’re in a vehicle that

A

movement of cristals in semi-circular canal

49
Q

1 year old starts walking, mom sees the spine change at what level

A

lumbar

50
Q

mom does a 30 week ultrasound, what developpement can be observes

A

differentiation of sexual organs

51
Q

traumatic birthing, lesion of the brachial plexus the baby can’t lift arm above shoulder height, what nerve is injured

A

musculo-cutaneous

52
Q

taste of the back 3rd of the tongue is given by what nerve

A

IX glossopharngeal

53
Q

glossodynia is a deficit in what

A

estrogen/progesterone

54
Q

primary lumbo-pelvic stabilizing muscles

A

psoas

55
Q

macrocytic anemia with fatigue. what vitamine should you give them

A

cobalamine (B12)

56
Q

What ion is responable for allowing neurotrasmitters into the neuromuscular junction

A

Ca 2+

57
Q

lady with car accident three weeks ago, stick neck, sore butt, fatigue, has stopped all activity because she doesn

A

her attitude.

58
Q

older lady with a rock in her shoe that created a lesion on the bottom of her second toe, she didn

A

diabetic neuropathy of plantar nerves.

59
Q

you get numbness if you sit in the leg after sitting in a certain position. what type of nerve lesion is this

A

neuropraxia

60
Q

best muscle for retracting the scapula

A

rhomboids

61
Q

squat, what type of kinetic chain

A

closed

62
Q

a kid scraped his hip playing we suspect an infection and took an xray but see nothing. after how long could we expect signs to show after symptoms arise

A

5-14 days

63
Q

numbness in first three fingers and tinel carpien test positive what type of structure is dammaged

A

neurological

64
Q

A woman wants to become pregnant and she asks what supplement to take

A

B9- folic acid

65
Q

in what for is C02 in the blood

A

bicarbonate

66
Q

what portion of the vertebral artery has a 90 degree angle

A

C1 superior

67
Q

person with lactose intolerance should eat what to maintain calcium levels

A

almonds

68
Q

patient with long limbs and hyperflexible joints and stretchy skin, what type of disease do they have

A

genetic

69
Q

Membrane that perceives sound and the thickening causes deafness

A

basilar membrane

70
Q

Older patient with pulmonary consolidation : what is the cause

A

tumor ?

71
Q

what does the dorsal scapular nerve innervate

A

rhomboid, levator scap,

72
Q

What is the I band formed of

A

actine only

73
Q

what muscles perform protraction of the mandible

A

external pterygoid/masseter

74
Q

What contains omega 3

A

cachew, fish, oils

75
Q

volleyball player, pain during flexion and right rotation.. which abdominal muscle hurts

A

Right internal oblique.

76
Q

how many polypeptide subunits to collagen are there

A

3

77
Q

what happens when you stretch muscle spindles ?

golgi tendons ?

A

muscle spindles activate muscle, golgi tendon inhibit

78
Q

what is the mechanism of thickening of the ligamenta flava

A

change of elastic fibers to collagen

CCEB Part A (16 decks)

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