bio145 quiz 4 (ch 7)

Question 1

Replication of DNA follows a _____ model where one original strand is paired with a new strand of DNA.

A) Semiconservative

B) Liberal

C) Continuous

D) Translation

Answer 1

A) Semiconservative

Question 2

The sequence of nucleotides formed during replication of the lagging DNA strand is _____.

A) Palindrome

B) Okazaki fragment

C) Operon

D) Origin

Answer 2

B) Okazaki fragment

Question 3

Bacterial replication is _____meaning there is synthesis from both directions from the origin, with two replication forks.

A) Genotype

B) Methylation

C) Bidirectional

D) Mutagenic

Answer 3

C) Bidirectional

Question 4

In translation, the site through which tRNA molecules leave a ribosome is called _____.

A) A Site

B) X site

C) P site

D) E site

Answer 4

D) E site

Question 5

The central dogma summarizes genetics by what processes?

A) protein broken down to RNA then reverse transcribed to DNA

B) DNA transcribed to RNA, which is translated to form polypeptides (proteins)

C) DNA replicated, cells divide, and cells die

D) Genotype and phenotype

Answer 5

B) DNA transcribed to RNA, which is translated to form polypeptides (proteins)

Question 6

Transcription produces _____.

A) DNA molecules

B) RNA molecules

C) Polypeptides

D) palindromes

Answer 6

B) RNA molecules

Question 7

_____ RNA carries amino acids

A) ribosomal RNA

B) messenger RNA

C) transfer RNA

D) primer RNA

Answer 7

C) transfer RNA

Question 8

a triplet of mRNA nucleotides that specifies a particular amino acid is called a

A) codon

B) base pair

C) ribosome

D) intron

Answer 8

A) codon

Question 9

What are the three steps of transcription and translation?

A) mRNA, rRNA, tRNA

B) Initiation, elongation, termination

C) evaporation, condensation, precipitation

D) DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase II, DNA polymerase I

Answer 9

B) initiation, elongation, termination

Question 10

Eukaryotes use this process to remove introns and produce a functional, mature RNA, in addition to capping and tailing.

A) splicing

B) degrading

C) terminating

D) mutating

Answer 10

A) splicing

Question 11

_____ is the actual set of genes in the genome, while _____ refers to physical features and traits of an organism.

A) Replication, translation

B) Infection, expression

C) Genotype, phenotype

D) Operon, promoter

Answer 11

C) Genotype, phenotype

Question 12

_____ takes the mRNA code, “reads” the codons, and uses tRNA to generate a polypeptide chain at a ribosomal site.

A) replication

B) transcription

C) Mutation

D) Translation

Answer 12

D) Translation

Question 13

Prokaryotic transcription can be terminated in two ways, _____ and _____

A) Capping and polyadenylation

B) Self-termination and Rho-dependent

C) Genotype and phenotype

D) lagging and leading strand

Answer 13

B) Self-termination and Rho-dependent

Question 14

When a single nucleotide base pair is mutated it is called a ____ mutation, and examples are substitutions, insertions, and deletions

A) Silent

B) Missense

C) Gross

D) Point

Answer 14

D) Point

Question 15

Mutations can be silent, missense or _____ meaning the mutation caused a base-pair substitution to change an amino acid codon into a stop codon.

A) nonsense

B) Gross

C) Point

D) Transposon

Answer 15

A) nonsense

Question 16

DNA synthesis always moves in the _____ direction.

A) 3’-5’

B) 5’-3’

C) 9 to 5

D) Proofreading

Answer 16

B) 5’-3’

Question 17

The comic book series, X-men, highlights people with _____ that generate superpowers developed rough accelerated evolution

A) osmosis

B) replication

C) Kryptonite

D) mutations

Answer 17

D) Mutations