bio145 quiz 3 (ch 6-7) Flashcards
An organism that is a \_\_\_\_\_ can make its own organic molecules from CO2 and gets energy from light A) photoautotroph B) chemoautotroph C) lithotroph D) microaerophiles
A) photoautotroph
Which of the following terms best describes an organism that cannot exist in the presence of oxygen? A) facultative anaerobe B) obligate anaerobe C) facultative anaerobe D) obligate aerobe
B) obligate anaerobe
Facultative anaerobes like yeast and E. coli can live with or without A) carbon B) nitrogen C) sugar D) oxygen
D) oxygen
Neutrophiles, acidophiles, and alkalinophiles are all adapted to live in different \_\_\_\_ conditions A) temperature B) osmotic pressure C) pH D) hydrostatic pressure
C) pH
Cells that shrink in hypertonic solutions such as salt water are responding to \_\_\_\_\_ pressure. A) osmotic B) barometric C) hydrostatic D) peer
A) osmotic
Organic chemicals required for metabolism that cannot be synthesized by the organism A) peptides B) growth factors C) waste D) pH
B) growth factors
The temperature at which an organism's metabolic activities produce the highest growth rate is\_\_\_\_\_ A) minimum growth temperature B) maximum growth temperature C) 37 degrees Celsius D) optimal growth temperature
D) optimal growth temperature
Quorum sensing is ____
A) a characteristic of most bacteria
B) dependent on direct contact among cells
C) the ability to respond to changes in population density
D) associated with colonies on an agar plate
C) the ability to respond to changes in population density
Dental plaque and "soap scum" are examples of \_\_\_\_, which are associations of numerous microorganisms that communicate and coordinate and act similar to a tissue A) biofilm B) acidophiles C) colonies D) medium
A) biofilm
This statement "in the laboratory, a sterile inoculating loop is moved across the agar surface in a culture dish, thinning a sample and isolating individuals" describes which of the following? A) broth culture B) pour plate C) streak plate D) dilution plate
C) streak plate
The phase of growth where dying cells equals the number of cells being produced and the population size remains constant is\_\_\_\_. A) lag phase B) log phase C) stationary phase D) decline phase
C) stationary phase
\_\_\_\_\_ is the time required for a single cell to grow and divide. A) log phase B) decline phase C) arithmetic growth D) generation time
D) generation time
Which of the following is a true statement concerning prokaryotic chromosomes?
A) they typically have many origins of replication
B) they contain single-stranded DNA
C) they are located in the cytosol
D) they are associated in linear pairs
C) they are located in the cytosol
A nucleotide is composed of\_\_\_\_\_ A) a five-carbon sugar B) phosphate C) a nitrogenous base D) all of the above
D) all of the above
Circular DNA independent of chromosomes, which can carry genes for resistance and virulence, are called? A) plasmids B) nucleosomes C) histones D) chromatin
A) plasmids
Strands of DNA are connected through what kind of bond between nitrogenous bases? A) covalent bond B) ionic bond C) polar bonds D) hydrogen bonds
D) hydrogen bonds
In prokaryotes, the \_\_\_\_\_ is circular, while in eukaryotes they are linear. A) gene B) chromosome C) transcription D) tRNA
B) chromosome
Eukaryotes and at archaea share a feature of chromosomal organization where the DNA is wrapped around proteins called \_\_\_\_\_. A) nucleoid B) chromatin C) ribosomes D) histones
D) histones
Which type if organism may be found growing deep inside a wound and on its surface A) aerobe B) anaerobe C) facultative anaerobe D) microaerophile
C) facultative anaerobe
What are the enzymes needed for the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide to H2O and O2? A) autotrophs and heterotrophs B) hydrolase and Lyase C) superoxide dismutase and catalase D) aldolase and isomerase
C) superoxide dismutase and catalase
