BIO LAB

Question 1

hypotheses

Answer 1

a possible answer to the question being asked

Question 2

null hypothesis (indicated by H knot-0)

Answer 2

assumes that the experimental treatment will have no effect

Question 3

experiments are conducted to ______ the experiment

Answer 3

test

Question 4

alternate hypothesis (indicated by H-A)

Answer 4

states there is a significant difference between the control and experimental group

Question 5

independent variable

Answer 5

the variable that is manipulated (cost)

Question 6

dependent variable

Answer 6

the measured result of the manipulation (effect)

Question 7

experimental treatment

Answer 7

examines the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable

Question 8

control treatment

Answer 8

examines the possible effect of other factors besides the manipulated variable on the dependent variable

Question 9

constants

Answer 9

factors that are kept the same in each treatment

Question 10

replication

Answer 10

performing the experiment under the same conditions many times to attain reliable results

Question 11

sample mean

Answer 11

average of a sample

Question 12

population mean

Answer 12

average of all individuals in a species in entire population

Question 13

theory

Answer 13

established after a hypothesis has failed to be rejected multiple times

Question 14

enzymes

Answer 14

biological catalysts that increase the rates of biochemical reactions in cells by facilitating the conversion of a specific substrate to a product

Question 15

enzymes increase rate of reaction by lowering:

Answer 15

activation energy required for reaction to occur

Question 16

substrates

Answer 16

reactants

Question 17

enzyme kinetics

Answer 17

involves studying how fast an enzyme converts substrate to products

Question 18

enzyme activity

Answer 18

the rate or velocity of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme

Question 19

spectrophotometer

Answer 19

measures concentration of pigment molecules by measuring how much light is absorbed as the reaction occurred

Question 20

transmittance (T)

Answer 20

the ratio of transmitted light to incident light

Question 21

absorbance (A)

Answer 21

the negative log of transmittance

Question 22

Vmax

Answer 22

the maximum rate of reaction for a given enzyme and substrate

Question 23

Km

Answer 23

the substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is half of its maximum value

Question 24

competitive inhibitors

Answer 24

similar in shape to an enzyme’s substrate and compete with the substrate for binding to the active site

Question 25

non-competitive inhibitors

Answer 25

does not compete with the substrate for the active site, binds instead to other sites on the enzyme

Question 26

eutrophication

Answer 26

the process by which a water body becomes enriched in nutrients from terrestrial ecosystems and can happen by natural processes and human activities

Question 27

photolysis

Answer 27

the splitting of water into protons and oxygen in the presence of light