26.1 Two Prokaryotic Domains

Question 1

what are the two domains characterized by prokaryotic cell structure?

Answer 1

bacteria and archaea?

Question 2

plasmid

Answer 2

in bacteria, a small circular molecule of DNA carrying a small number of genes that can replicate independently of the bacterial genomic DNA

Question 3

plasmids may have genes that have adaptive value under…

Answer 3

specific environmental conditions

Question 4

since no nuclear membrane separates DNA from the surrounding cytoplasm, transcribed mRNA is immediately….

Answer 4

translated into proteins by ribosomes

Question 5

bacteria have both a plasma membrane and a…

Answer 5

cell wall

Question 6

because bacteria lack the membrane bound organelles in eukaryotic cells, metabolism is carried out by:

Answer 6

proteins that float freely in the cytoplasm or are embedded in the plasma membrane

Question 7

the light reactions of photosynthetic bacteria take place in association with:

Answer 7

membranes distributed within the cytoplasm

Question 8

peptidoglycan

Answer 8

a complex polymer of sugars and amino acids that makes up the cell wall of bacteria

Question 9

how to photosynthetic bacteria gain CO2 and how do respiring bacteria take in small organic molecules and oxygen?

Answer 9

through diffusion from the environment into the cell

Question 10

what are bacteria small?

Answer 10

DIFFUSION: surface area-volume ratio, interior parts of a small cell are closer to the surrounding environment