Bio Lab 2 (Porifera and Cnidaria) Flashcards
Phyla being discussed
Porifera and cnidaria
Porifera and cnidaria
very simple
eukaryotic
multicellular
ingestive- feeding heterotroughs
porifera
- mostly salt water
- asymmetrical body plan
- filter feeding
- sessile
- have three body plans
three body plans of …
porifera
asconoid
synconoid
leuconoid
asconoid
- hollow cylinder
synconoid
cylinder with alternating pockets
leuconoid
extensive aquifers system
Porifera body plan
- center cavity is called the spongocoel
- water current is formed by choanocytes (collar cells) that also filter water
- water enters through the osmium and exits through the sponge through osculum
what creates water current
choanocytes, food-filtering cells that line the internal cavity
Porifera sponge wall consists of
- amoebocytes have multiple names based on their function
- they make collagen fibres, make spicules, make gemmules and make sperm and eggs
- also have spongin, spicules, mesenchyme
gemmules
asexual reproduction in Porifera made by amoebocytes
spongin
proteinaceous fibers that give sponges their form
- Porifera
spicules made of
- Porifera
- that are made of calcium (calcareous) or silicon (siliceous) 1
mesenchyme
- porifera
- is a gelatinous matrix that the spongin and spicules are embedded in
cnidaria
- radially symmetrical
- a body wall surrounds a cavity where extracellular digestion occurs
- carnivorous
cnidaria digestion
extracellular
cnidaria body wall is made of
ectoderm with an outer later or stinging cells called cnidocytes
- mesoglea: gelatinous middle
- endoderm, the inner cell layer called the gastroderm)
cnidocytes
stinging cells that have a long harpoon-like structure called a nematocyst
- when triggered, it discharges the nematocyst
- cnidaria
cnidaria body plans
polyp form is flower like and sessile
the medusa form is umbrella like and mobile
hydrozoa = hydroid
- cnidaria
- polyp dominant
- asexual reproduction via budding and fragmentation
- sexual reproduction VIA FORMATION OF SPERMARIES OR OVARIES
species obelia
hydrozoa
- have gastrozoids, gonozoids
obelia fertilization
zygote that divides into a solid ball called a blastula. then this forms a free swimming planula
0 planula will eventually settle and form a new colony, away from its parental colony to avoid competition
gastrozoids
specified feeding polyps that are in hydrozoa. the cup with the hair
gonozoids
polyps that bud female and male reproductive medusa that release eggs and sperm, respectively, from gonads. the fat arm thing
physalia
floating colonial hydroid with each hydroid performing a specific function
gonionemus
hydroid with an unusually large medusa that has the characteristics of class scyphozoa
class scyphozoa
- cnidaria. medusa dom
- has a mouth at the end of the manubrium, allowing food to pass into the gastrovascular cavity
- velum is muscle that helps propel it
- gonadal tissue is in the cavity for sex
Scyphozoa stage
dominant is medusa where planula (larva) settles to form a polyp called a scyphistostoma that forms a medusa=budding polyp called the stabile
- stabile buds off the ephrya (immature medusa)
immature medusa in scyphozoa
ephrya
klarva in scyphozoa
planula
polyp in scyphozoa
scyphistostoma
Porifera comment name
sponges
species grantia
looks like a plant
choanocytes
ALSO CALLED collar cells draw water into the sponge by rotating flagella
sponges have what kind of digestion?
intracellular
sponge walls
contains choanocytes and amoebocytes, and spicules along with a jelly matrix called a mesenchyme
what do spicules do
act as support and shape, keep the pores and osculum open
grantia has how may spicule prongs?
3
classes in cnidaria
Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa and anthozoa
cnidaria body plan
poly and medusa. alternation is called polymorphism
envision the life cycle of a cnidaria
medusa - makes gametes- fertilization - zygote- blastula- planula- polyp and then can do budding or can sexually bud mini medusae called ephyras
how many budding medusae per gonozooid
2 medusa buds
why are tentacles of gonionemus rough
nematocyst from the cnidocyte
know the parts of the medusa
yes
class anthozoa
largest class
- these are anemones and corals
