Bible_Study_18 Flashcards
Key Word of Micah
The Violation of the Covenant
Importance & Distinctives of Micah
Micah was the first to predict the Babylonian Exile.
Background of Micah
Micah preached in the last days of the Northern Kingdom. While the other prophets had said “Judgment is Coming”, Micah said “Judgment is here.”
Micah was a
prophet of the common people, a defender of the poor, the downtrodden, and the exploited.
Micah was a younger contemporary of
Amos and Hosea and was closely associated with Isaiah.
Micah and Isaiah began their ministries about the same time
and preached the contemporaries for 4 decades.
Micah and Isaiah’s primary ministries were to
the Southern Kingdom.
Micah was a ________________ ______________ like Amos, and spoke to the _________________ _____.
country preacher; common man
Isaiah was a ________________ ______________ and spoke to the ____________ ____________.
Court preacher; King’s Court
Micah’s first sermon is pictured as a
courtroom drama where Israel is accused of violating her covenant with Jehovah - with the world as the jury and God as the Judge.
Micah 5:2 predicts
the Bethlehem birth.
Subtitle of Isaiah
The Messianic and Millennial Prophet
Main Content of Isaiah
•”From the revolt of Satan to the rule of the Savior! Here it is, as told by Scripture’s most eloquent Prophet!”♦•Isaiah is a miniature Bible in the Bible. It, like the Bible itself, is a book of Salvation and the Savior.♦•Isaiah has one chapter for every one of the 66 books of the Bible.♦•Isaiah is divided into 2 major sections, just as the Bible.♦•The last chapter of Isaiah (Isaiah 66), concludes with a prophecy of the New Heavens and the New Earth, just as does the last book of the Bible.
Key Word of Isaiah
Salvation. This word appears 27 times in Isaiah as compared with only 7 times in all the other books of the prophets combined.
Key Chapter of Isaiah
Isaiah 53
Author of Isaiah
Isaiah
Date of Isaiah
He ministered for about 60 years.
Purpose of Isaiah
Twofold:♦•To rebuke his present sinful generation and call them back to their covenant relationship with God. (Chapters 1-39)♦•To comfort a future exiled generation and insure them God would call them back to their covenantal land and a future Messianic Kingdom. (Chapters 40-66)
Importance & Distinctives of Isaiah
•Greatness: “To the Jews, Isaiah was the greatest of the prophets.”♦•Literary Merit: Isaiah was perhaps the greatest writer who ever lived. His skills and eloquence surpass Shakespeare, Milton, and Homer. ♦•It is the 3rd longest book of the Bible, surpassed only by Jeremiah and Psalms.♦•It is called the Messianic prophet, the 5th Gospel, and the Evangelical prophet. Only the Psalms have more verses about Christ. Jesus said Isaiah saw His glory and spoke of Him.♦•For years, skeptics had claimed that the Biblical text of the Old Testament had been greatly corrupted as copies of copies of copies had been made down through the centuries. Liberal professors taught what we could no longer be sure of the original text.♦•With this great manuscript find (the Dead Sea Scrolls), we had the perfect test tube experiment to prove or disprove the accuracy of the Jewish copying process. Had the text changed over the course of 1000 years - a full millennium of being copied and recopied by hand? The astounding answer is NO. Thanks to the biblical sovereign preservation of God, the Biblical text and the Bible you hold in your hand is the same as when it was first inspired by God! “…The Word of our God shall stand forever.” (Isa 40:8)
What is the 3rd longest book in the Bible
Isaiah, surpassed only by Jeremiah and Psalms.
The meaning of Isaiah’s name is the same as the message of His book,
Salvation is of the Lord.
Isaiah was of distinguished lineage and education.
Jewish tradition says that he was a nephew of King Amaziah and cousin of King Uzziah. He was thus of royal seed and was a preacher at the royal court.
Isaiah was married to
a prophetess and had 2 sons.
Like Ezekiel, Isaiah acted out his message in unusual ways.
God commanded Isaiah to walk barefoot and naked for 3 years to picture how Assyria would conquer Egypt and Ethiopia - this removing all hope that Judah could trust in foreign alliances and moving them to trust in God alone for safety.
The Jewish Talmud says that Isaiah was martyred by
being sawn asunder by evil King Manasseh.
Isaiah was a younger contemporary of the prophets
Amos and Hosea in the Northern Kingdom and ministered alongside Micah in the Southern Kingdom.
Immanuel means
God with us.
Isaiah 43:10 “Ye are my witnesses, saith the Lord, and my servant whom I have chosen: that ye may know and believe me, and understand that I am he: before me there was no God formed, neither shall there be after me.” refutes:
•Polytheism - There is only ONE God!♦•Pantheism - This God is Personal, Intelligent, and Distinct from His Creation. There is a God and we are not Him!♦•Mormonism and Word Faithism - We cannot become gods and we are not “little gods”.♦•Jehovah Witness’s view that Jesus was an angel who became a god.♦•Armstrongism - We cannot join the God head.♦•Universalism - All men will not be saved. There is only One God and there is only One Savior.♦•Liberalism and Cultism - Since the “LORD” Jehovah declares, “beside Me there is no Savior, then every verse calling Jesus the Savior is an inspired proof that Jesus is Jehovah God!
Isaiah 28:9-13 implications:
•In the great chapters of the Blessings or Cursings (Deut 28-29), Israel was warned that one of the cursings for disobedience to the Covenant was to be spoken to in another “tongue” (Deut 28:49) - the language of a nation that would carry them away into Captivity. If they rejected their Sovereign King and God of the (old) Covenant, they would be spoken to in other tongues and carried into Captivity.♦•Isaiah and Jeremiah both spoke of this warning before the Assyrian and Babylonian captivities (Isa 33:19; Jer 5:15). Thus to the Jews, it was a sign of judgment by Captivity to be spoken of in another tongue/language.♦•In 1 Corinthians 14:21-22, Paul quotes from this very passage (Isa 28:11-12) to explain the purpose of the New Testament give of tongues. Tongues were a warning sign of judgment to Israel for rejecting their Messiah King and God of the (New) Covenant - Jesus. If they did not repent, they would be carried into Captivity by a fierce nation pictured by an “eagle” (Deut 28:49). The eagle was the symbol of Rome which carried Israel into Captivity in AD 70 - a captivity that lasted almost 2,000 years.♦•This passage in Isaiah (28:9-10) also instructs us concerning the proper way to teach our children God’s Word. From their infancy, we are to give them simple “line upon line…precept upon precept” teachings which build one upon another.
Isaiah 53: The Rejection of the Savior
•He was despised (counted as nothing) because of His lowly background.♦•He was rejected because of His message.♦•He was a man of Sorrows and acquainted with grief because of His earthly mission.♦•These verses answer the greatest questions raised in the mind of the Jew when confronted with the question of Christ. How could Jesus be the Jewish Messiah if He was rejected by the Jewish people, and how could an ordinary man have been the Messiah? ♦•The answer is that the Jewish Scriptures written by the greatest Jewish prophet predicted that the Jewish Messiah would be rejected by the Jewish people because He would appear to be just an ordinary man!
Isaiah 53:4-6 - The Messiah to Suffer for our Sins
•The key word in verse 4 is “Our”. Here we have the Substitutionary Atonement and Sacrifice of Christ described clearly in the Old Testament. Jesus died for our Sins. ♦•The last part of verse 4 informs us that the nation of Israel in general would look upon the cross as a righteous sentence imposed by God Himself upon a blasphemer named Jesus of Nazareth!♦•Verse 5 tells us this was done “for our transgression…for our iniquities…the chastisement of our peace was upon Him; and with His stripes we are healed.”♦•The 2nd half of verse 6 declares that all of the guilt of ALL men was laid upon Christ. Christ died for all men. He took our Hell that we might partake of His Heaven.
Isaiah 53:7-10 - The Messiah to Die for our Sins
•Verse 7 points out His suffering in silence as the Lamb of God.♦•Verse 8 points out that His Death was for Sin.♦•Verse 9 reminds us that His Cross was between thieves. His burial in a rich man’s tomb, and of His sinless innocence.
Isaiah tells us that in the Millennium, the Messiah will
personally RULE a world wide kingdom from His spiritual capital of Jerusalem
Isaiah tells us that in the Millennium, Israel will be
made God’s Holy people again. “He that is left in Zion, and he that remaineth in Jersualem, shall be called holy, even everyone that is written among the living in Jerusalem”. (Isa 4:3)
Isaiah tells us that in the Millenium, the Messiah will
restore the Earth as he removes the curse of Sin from the Physical World. ♦•This will include the healing of all sickness. ♦•There will be a total healing of all the deformed. The healing of all deformity will take place at the inception of the Millennium. There will be no tragedies of mental or physical handicaps or birth defects during this blessed age.♦•There will be no natural death in the Kingdom. The life-span of man will be expanded with those in the Millennium actually living for the entire 1,000 years.♦•There will be no accidents and no disasters for a thousand years. God Himself will preserve life.
In the Millennium, Isaiah tells us that all of mankind
will worship the true God.♦•The temple will be rebuilt at Jerusalem♦•All nations will worship there. ♦•Jesus will personally teach and judge all men.
Isaiah tells us that in the Millennium, the Messiah will usher in an age of world-wide
peace. There will finally be World peace when the Prince of Peace rules this world. There will be peace among the nations, neighbors, families, with God, and within human hearts.
Isaiah tells us that in the Millennium, the Messiah will usher in an age of unparalleled
joy.
Isaiah tells us that in the Millennium, the Messiah will usher in an age of unparalleled am age where He will
personally minister to and comfort every need.
Isaiah tells us that in the Millennium, the Messiah will usher in an age of
Holiness for all mankind.
Isaiah tells us that in the Millennium, the Messiah will usher in an age with
unprecedented, universal outpouring of the Holy Spirit upon all mankind. This outpouring will take place at the beginning of the Millennium at a unique time in history when all adults on Earth are saved (the lost survivors of the Tribulation having been cast into Hell at the judgments following the Tribulation).
Isaiah tells us that in the Millennium, the Messiah will usher in an age of perfect
Understanding as all the inhabitants are personally taught God’s truth by Jesus Who is the Truth and are given understanding by the Holy Spirit, Who is the Spirit of Truth.
In the Millennium, Isaiah tells us that the Messiah will usher in an age of perfect
Unity as all men speak a common tongue, the curse of the confusion of languages at Babel having been conquered.
In the Millennium, Isaiah tells us that the Messiah will usher in a glorious age inhabited by
those in natural bodies and by those in glorified bodies.
Glorified / Supernatural bodies:
The Church, Old Testament saints, resurrected Tribulation saints, the entire resurrected family of God.
Natural bodies:
The saved survivors of the Tribulation (Jewish and Gentile) and their offspring. The lost survivors of the Tribulation will be cast into Hell at the Judgments following Armageddon.♦ During the Millennium, children will be born, just like any other time. Living saints who go into the Millennium in their natural bodies will beget children throughout the age. During the Millennium, however, these children will live without defect or sickness for the entire 1,000 years.♦ During the Millennium, people will have jobs and work, just as at any other time. The curse on man’s labor will also have been lifted, resulting in unimaginable blessing and prosperity. During this glorious age, Christ will completely abolish all Hunger and Famine.
The Final Revolt of Satan
•After the 1,000 years, Satan is loosed for a “short season” and tempts all those who were born during the Millennium, but have never been tested by temptation, to now rebel against God.♦•Millions who refused the new birth and only outwardly conformed during the Millennial Kingdom will now gather with Satan for the final revolt against God. This is referred to as the battle of Gog and Magog (named after, but not the same as the Russian invasion of Israel during the Tribulation. These rebels follow Satan to their doom and are cast with him into the Lake of Fire.
Zephaniah
The great-great-grandson of King Hezekiah and therefore, of royal blood. He was like Isaiah, a prophet of the royal court.
Subtitle of Zephaniah
The Day of the Lord - A Day of Wrath and Restoration
Main Content of Zephaniah
Day of the Lord a Day of Judgment and a Day of Restoration.
Theme of Zephaniah
The restoration of Israel in the Day of the Lord.
Key Word of Zephaniah
The Day of the Lord. This phrase is found more often in Zephaniah than in any other book. Zephaniah speaks of this Day as a time of Judgment and Justice and of Judgment on Sin and Restoration of God’s People. The restoration of Israel in the Day of the Lord.
Author of Zephaniah
Zephaniah
Destination of Zephaniah
The Southern and Sole Surviving Kingdom of Judah
Background of Zephaniah
The Northern Kingdom of Israel had already fallen to Assyria by the time of Zephaniah. In the south, the 55 evil years under wicked kings Manasseh and Amon had a profound effect upon Judah, from which it never fully recovered. Zephaniah’s prophecies helped bring about a temporary revival in 621 BC under King Josiah, but it was far too little and far too late! After Josiah’s death the people quickly turned back to their sin.
Importance & Distinctives of Zephaniah
•Zephaniah mentions the prophetic Day of the Lord more than any other book.♦•Zephaniah predicts the reversal of the curse of Babel during the millennial Kingdom of Christ.
Subtitle of Habakkuk
The Doubting Thomas of the Old Testament
Main Content of Habakkuk
•”The sighs, the cries, and the whys, as uttered by the doubting Thomas of the old testament!…It is a book of deepest doubt. His doubts centered around 2 painful problems. How could God allow the sins of Israel go unpunished? God then tells him Judah would indeed be punished by the Babylonians. How, then, he asks, could God justify allowing a godless nation to punish Judah, which at least believed in God and had some good men left?♦•Habakkuk looks around at the sin of his nation and the cruelty of wicked oppressors and asks the age old question “Why does God allow the righteous to suffer and sinners to prosper?” God answers these questions with His Justice, his Timing, and His Glory.
Key Word of Habakkuk
Why?
Author of Habakkuk
Habakkuk
Background of Habakkuk
Habakkuk prophesied to the sole surviving kingdom of Judah during the death throes of a nation.
Importance & Distinctives of Habakkuk
•Style: In addition to being a prophet, Habakkuk was one of the Levitical Choristers (singers) and wrote in a style more akin to the poetical wisdom literature than the prophets. In fact, the final verse reveals this book was actually a song.♦•Habakkuk sees one of the greatest manifestations of God’s glory in Scripture, thus turning his doubts into shouts♦•Habakkuk is the author of the great theological declaration, “the just shall live by his faith” (Hab 2:4), as quoted in Romans 1:17, Galatians 3:11, and Hebrews 10:38.♦♦Habakkuk was the final prophet given to Judah before the Babylonian Captivity just as Micah (who ministered to both kingdoms) had been the final prophet to given to Israel before the Assyrian Captivity.
Habakkuk’s 4 Questions to God
- Why doesn’t God hear my prayers?♦2. Why doesn’t God solve my problem?♦3. Why does God allow the wicked to prosper?♦4. Why does God allow the righteous to suffer?
Habakkuk’s Main Questions to God - Why does God allow suffering and injustice?
1) God has chosen to judge wicked men at the hand of wicked men. ♦2) God can use the Wicked: Habakkuk’s Faith in the Everlasting God. Habakkuk first proclaims his faith in the everlasting covenant of his Everlasting God, declaring that Israel will not be annihilated, but that Babylon is merely God’s tool to discipline, not destroy Israel for her sin. ♦3) Habakkuk anticipates and receives God’s answer: God will judge the wicked and correct all injustices according to His “appointed time”. The man of God is told to…“…Write the vision, and make it plain upon tables, that he may run that readeth it. For the vision is yet for an appointed time…though it tarry, wait for it: because it will surely come…“♦ ♦”For Habakkuk, the message was clear. Stop complaining! Stop doubting! God is not indifferent to sin! He is not insensitive to suffering. …He is in control. IN His perfect time Yahweh will accomplish His divine purpose.”♦ ♦For us, the message is just as clear. There is a time to silence our questions and trust our God!
The Joy of Habakkuk
Habakkuk 3:17-18: “Although the fig tree shall not blossom, neither shall fruit be in the vines; the labour of the olive shall fail, and the fields shall yield no meat; the flock shall be cut off from the fold, and there shall be no herd in the stalls: Yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will joy in the God of my salvation.”♦ ♦Once we have truly been in the presence of God, we can truly learn to have joy in the Lord in any circumstances! This is certainly one of the greater passages of hope in the entire Bible!♦ ♦As was the case with Job, once we truly see God in His Glory, all of our questions are replaced with total trust in His power, His wisdom, and His love!
The Strength of Habakkuk
Habakkuk 3:19 “The LORD God is my strength, and he will make my feet like hinds’ feet, and he will make me to walk upon mine high places. To the chief singer on my stringed instruments.”♦ ♦The Presence of God gives us the strength to stand in the midst of the Valley or upon the mountain top!
Subtitle of Nahum
The Destruction of Nineveh
Main Content of Nahum
♦Nahum is a warning about the danger of spiritual erosion. It reveals the horrible danger of failing to pass the faith along to the next generation.♦♦Over 2,700 years ago, an ancient prophet gazed down at the mightiest city on earth, capital of the greatest empire the world had ever seen. It was built by Nimrod. The city was prepared to withstand a 25 year siege. It was set along the Tigris River. The moat around the city walls was 150 feet wide and 60 feet deep.
Background of Nahum
Assyria and its capital city of Nineveh was a bitter oppressor of Israel and Judah, often placing both nations under bondage and tribute. Assyria carried the Northern Kingdom into captivity in 721 BC. At this time they also invaded Judah, capturing 46 cities and besieging Jerusalem. Only direct intervention by God and the death of the 185,000 Assyria troops in one night prevented the fall of Judah.
Importance & Distinctives of Nahum
♦Nahum is one of the only 2 Biblical books given over completely to the destruction of a heathen nation. The other is Obadiah which describes the destruction of Edom.♦♦Nahum is a classic example of the Justice of God and of a fulfillment of Genesis 15:16, “For the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet full.” The terrible sin of Nineveh at the time of Jonah had returned and was now terminal!
Nineveh is first mentioned in
Genesis 10:8-12.
Nineveh was first built by
Nimrod, who also built the Tower of Babel and the city of Babylon. He was also the founder of the world wide false religious system of Mystery of Babylon.
Nineveh represents the
Apostate Gentile Religious System as Babylon represents the Gentile Political System.
Nineveh is distinguished from all other ancient Gentile cities by the fact that
it knew God under the preaching of Jonah, but had now completely apostatized into paganism.
Nahum 2:6,8 predict that Nineveh will be destroyed by a “flood” when the “gates of the rivers” are opened and that the one hundred foot stone walls and massive stone palace will literally “dissolve”!
♦Deserters fled to the Babylonian army and informed them of the celebration within the walls.♦♦The locks and gates to an already flooded reservoir which was now overflowing from the massive rainstorm, were suddenly opened, sending a gigantic wall of water down the bed of the Tigris River, which flowed under the walls of Nineveh.♦♦The walls then collapsed as the sun dried brick literally dissolved (just like God said!).
Subtitle of Jeremiah
The Weeping Prophet with a Wrathful Message
Main Content of Jeremiah
•The Message of Jeremiah was a message of Judgment at Judah’s final hour. Jeremiah is the “Weeping Prophet with a Wrathful Message”. He was the prophet to Judah’s terminal generation, “the generation of His [God’s] wrath.” (Jer 7:29)♦•Because of Judah’s gross sin, God was sending Babylon to conquer Judah and carry them into Captivity. Judah was to repent and submit to God’s judgement by unconditional surrender. Needless to say, Jeremiah’s message was not popular!♦•A note of application is important here: Often when we supposedly “repent” of sin, we are upset with God if consequences still follow. Genuine repentance, however, feels that it deserves and therefore submits to punishment or consequences!♦•”A heartbroken prophet with a heartbreaking message, Jeremiah labors for more than forty years proclaiming a message of doom to the stiff-necked people of Judah. Despised and persecuted by his countrymen, Jeremiah bathes his harsh prophecies in tears of compassion. His broken heart causes him to write a broken book…”
Key Chapter of Jeremiah
Jeremiah 31 - The New Covenant
Author of Jeremiah
Jeremiah, aided by his secretary, Baruch.
Dates of Jeremiah
Jeremiah’s ministry lasted almost 60 years.
Importance & Distinctives of Jeremiah
Jeremiah is this 2nd longest book of the Bible (after Psalms). In fact, it may technically be considered the longest actual book in the Bible, since Psalms is actually a collection of 150 individual songs rather than a regular book. In fact, Jeremiah is about 1/3rd longer than all the minor prophets (Hosea, Joel, Amos Obadiah, Jonah, Micah Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi) combined.
Jeremiah is known as the Weeping Prophet.
His name means “Jehovah hurls down” or “Jehovah establishes a foundation”.
Jeremiah was the most persecuted of all the Old Testament prophets.
He was hated by his countrymen because they wrongly saw him as a traitor because of his message that Judah would be defeated because of God’s judgment and therefore should surrender to Babylon to avoid their own destruction.
It is believed that not only did Jeremiah pen the book of Jeremiah and Lamentations,
but also that he compiled 1 & 2 Kings.
Jeremiah penned the
2nd greatest amount of Scripture of any Biblical Writer. Moses is the first.
721 BC
Assyria (dominant world power) conquers Israel and then is prevented from conquering Judah only by the miraculous intervention of God in answer to the prayers of Isaiah and King Hezekiah.
605 BC
1st Babylonian Invasion of Judah. Daniel is carried captive to Babylon. Judah becomes a vassal kingdom to Babylon.
597 BC
2nd Babylonian Invasion of Judah. Ezekiel is carried captive to Babylon. Babylon had marched against Egypt itself and suffered a major defeat. Judah had then switched allegiance to Egypt and was punished with this invasion.
Subtitle of Lamentations
The Wailing Wall of the Bible OR Jerusalem’s Funeral
Main Content of Lamentations
It is a mute reminder that sin, in spite of all its allurement and excitement, carries with it heavy weights of sorrow, grief, misery, bareness, and pain. It is the other side of the ‘eat, drink and be merry’ coin.
Author of Lamentations
Jeremiah - This weeping prophet is a picture of another weeping prophet who would also weep over this same city some six centuries later (Christ).
Dates of Lamentations
The siege of Jerusalem lasted from 588-586 BC. The city fell on July 19, 586 BC and the city and the temple were burned on August 15, 586 BC.
Recipients of Lamentations
Lamentations was written to the captives in Babylon to show that as God had faithfully delivered the Covenant Curses on Israel for their sin, even so, He would faithfully fulfill His promises of Restoration for their Repentance.
Importance & Distinctives of Lamentations
•The book is composed of 5 elegies, dirges, or funeral songs, all lamenting the tragic destruction of Jerusalem by the Babylonians.♦•A different Hebrew letter begins each of the 22 verses in chapters 1, 2, and 4, using each of the 22 letters of the Hebrew alphabet successfully.
Background of Lamentations
Tradition says that Jeremiah sat weeping outside Jerusalem’s north wall as he wrote this book, under the knoll called Golgotha.
The promise of a New Covenant guaranteed that
the Old Covenant (and the Law), would pass away.
The New Covenant was inaugurated at the death of Christ,
but it will see its fulfillment in the complete restoration of the Jews as God’s covenant people in the Millennium.
The New Covenant
is unconditional, unchangeable, unending, enabling, and atoning.
The New Covenant gives
new hearts (rather than new rules) through the regeneration of the Spirit.