Bee questions 3 Flashcards
How does the bee show the place of food to other if it is within 10km radius?
Waggle dance
Signs of healthy brood?
- Expanding circles
- Larvae in unsealed cells = plump, mottled or pear coloured, capping slightly
ahead and dark brown
Winter activity of apiary?
Covering combs, closing lines, controlling enemies
Composition of honey?
- Sugar
- vitamins
- minerals
- organic and F acids
- Enzymes.
What is swarming?
Queen leaves with 50% of the workers to another nest site
Who has venom?
Queen and workers
Number of combs in strong and weak colony?
- Strong 7-8 combs
- Weak < 5 combs
Summer activity in apiary?
- Moving to rasp + sunflower, returning home, raising new queen + swarming
Pathogen of CVP?
- RNA virus
APV vector, host, symptoms, mission
- Vector: V. destructor
- Host: Mainly workers
- Symptoms: Non
- Mission: Nurse bees infect larva via gland secrete, larvae die before cell
sealing
APV = Acute Paralysis Virus
Spring activity in apiary?
Open hives, stimulating feed, develop colony, veterinary control, move to pollen position
Autumn activity in apiary?
Cleaning, sugar syrup feeding, Varroa control, winter preparation
Can aspergillus reproduce on adult bees?
- Fungi can multiply on adult bees
How many bee species?
- Worldwide there’s roughly 25.000 species of bees, but only 7 species of honey bees with a totalt of 44 subspecies
How many bees on both sides of a comb?
- 1kg bee = 10.000 individuals
- 1 comb with bees on both sides = about 1 kg
- 10 x 10 cm honey comb = 300-350gram honey
- 10 x 10 cm comb = 800-850 brood cells
Which lives in the malphigian tubes?
- Malphigamoeba mellificae
What do bees use to sterilise the cells?
- Propolis (from bud of trees)
Name an asian mite?
- Tropilaelaps clareae, T. mercedesae - considered serous mites for Apis mellifera
- Varroa destructor - Asian big bee mite
- Acarapis woodi - Tracheal mite
Cyst is infective stage of nosema? (true/false)
- False (the infective part is the spore)
Can Varroa jacobsoni infect apis mellifera brood/adult?
- NO, only V. destructor can
The louse is often mixed up with?
- Often confused with Varroa mites
What produces pheromones?
- The queen; produce airborne pheromones called queen substance that keep the colony functioning orderly
What glands do queen and drones not have?
- Pharyngeal gland: Produce royal jelly and also the most important digestive gland (invertase)
Queen and workers have dufour gland
When does nosema start to decline - winter, spring, summer or autumn?
- Clinical manifestation mainly at the end of winter and spring, very rarely in summer and winter
Chilled brood would be found where in the comb?
- Usually occurs early spring when brood nests expand rapidly as there is a shortage of adult bees to cover all the brood and weather suddenly turn cold
- Often found on the fringes of the brood area
- In extreme cases, brood cells are punctured and uncapped for the adult bees to decapitate the pupae
Whit nosema, would you see; Dysentry, failure to fly, both or neither?
- Both
Who can Deformed Wing Virus infect?
- In workers and broods
- Vector: V. destructor
- Causing deformed or poorly developed shrunken wings
Most destructive causative agent (in Europe)
- Number 1: American foul brood
- Number 2: Nosemosis
- Who has the longest larvae stage?
- All have 5 larval stages
- Queen has 6 days long
- Worker has 5 days long
- Drone has 7 days long
Dance of bees: vertical, wiggling, both?
- Round dance and waggle dance
Causative agent for swollen abdomen?
- Nosema apis (microsporidium)
Causative agent for Isle of Wight disease?
- CPV (chronic paralysis virus)
Which larvae scales easily?
- Paenibacillus larvae
Which is NOT parasitic to Apis mellifera?
- Japan + Thailand haplotype
Scientific name of European foul brood?
- Putrificatio polybacteritica larvarum
Where can you find the corbicula?
- On the hind legs (its the pollen busket)
What is a worker
- Non fertile female
Where do you find the eggs of drones?
- In the fringes of brood
How old are the larvae most commonly infected with AFB?
- 12-36 hours after hatching from egg
How many day old larvae will die of Nosemosis?
- None, they can’t be infected
In which infection does dirt appear in the hive?
- Nosemosis apium
How many minutes does it take for the milk to curd in case of AFB?
- 1 minute
Which of the larvae of the large wax moth can be confused with another larvae?
- Larvae of small hive beetle (Aethina tumida)
If honey is treated for 20 minutes on 100 degrees C, can the spores of AFB survive?
- Yes!
Need minimum 1 hour on 112 degrees and honey can only be used for industrial purposes after this treatment
How long does AFB spores survive?
- 3-5 decades
30-50 years??
How long is the incubation time of AFB?
- 15 days
AFB = American foulbrood
EU directive for honey quality?
- Council directive 2001/110/EC of 20 December 2001 relating to honey
Which one will make noise when comb is shaken?
- Stone brood
Where do you find the tracheal mites at dissection?
- In the first pair of thoracic spiracle of the adult bees - first segment of the
respiratory tract - thorax
