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Bee hygiene > 2. morphology and life cycle of the honey bee > Flashcards

2. morphology and life cycle of the honey bee Flashcards

1
Q

what genitals does a queen have

A
  1. set of ovaries
  2. spermatheca - stores sperm after mating
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2
Q

the sting of the queen

A

not barbed like a workers sting

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3
Q

what does the queen lack

A

lacks the glands that produce beewax ( wax gland)

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4
Q

how many eggs can a queen lay per day

A

nearly 2000 eggs per day

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5
Q

what is queen substance

A

pheromones that regulate behaviour of workers

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6
Q

how long can a queen live for

A

up to 5 years

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7
Q

what sex are drone bees

A

male

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8
Q

How do drones develop

A

from an unfertilized egg with one set of chromosome

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9
Q

stinger of drone bees

A

they have no stinger

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10
Q

when are drones not a few hundreds in a colony?

A

autumn and winter

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11
Q

when are the drones forced out of hive?

A

in autumn

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12
Q

what is the function of drone bees

A

mate with virgin queens and die

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13
Q

what sex are worker bees

A

female

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14
Q

how can you tell if its a worker bee

A

smaller than queen and drones about 15mm in length

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15
Q

are workers fertile

A

not fertile and do not lay eggs

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16
Q

morphological specialization of worker bees

A

pollen basket
abdominal glands producing beewax
brood feeding glands aka royal jelly
sting with barbs

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17
Q

task of worker bees 1-3 days

A

cleaning of cells

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18
Q

task of worker bees 3-6 days

A

feeding older larvae

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19
Q

task of worker bees 7-11 days

A

feeding younger larvae

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20
Q

task of worker bees 12-17 days

A

comb construction from wax

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21
Q

task of worker bees 18-21 days-

A

gardening defending functions

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22
Q

task of worker bees from the 22nd day

A

foraging for pollen and nectar

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23
Q

how long do worker bees live in summer

A

4-6 weeks

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24
Q

how long do worker bees live in winter

A

4-5 months

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25
Q

eyes:

A

3 ocelli
2 oculus compositus

26
Q

how many eyes do drones have

A

9500

27
Q

how many eyes do other bees have

A

4500

28
Q

vision of bees

A

they can detect UV light but not the colour red

29
Q

how is the mouth part?

A

chewing-lapping mouthparts
tipped with a spoon-shaped Glossa

30
Q

in which bees are proboscis the longest

A

in workers

31
Q

how many pairs of wings do they have

A

2 pairs

32
Q

what is the first segment in abdomen

A
  1. Digestive tube
  2. honey vesicle
  3. honey crop
  4. proventriculus
  5. true stomach
  6. hindgut
33
Q

the honey crop

A

stores nectar without digesting it

34
Q

proventriculus (muscular valve)

A

closed to prevent nectar from passing into stomach

35
Q

the true stomach

A
  • primary digestion site for pollen and nectar
  • twice the length of the bees body and is curled
36
Q

Exceretion system

A

Malphigian tubes (150)

37
Q

the hindgut

A

composed of intestines and rectum

38
Q

how many spiracles do bees have

A

3 pairs

39
Q

how many chambers does a bee have in the heart

A

5 chambers plus an aorta

40
Q

do bees have blood coagulation

A

no

41
Q

what kind of glands do larvae have

A

only labial/spinning glands so NO hypopharyngeal glands

42
Q

in which bees can you find hypopharyngeal glands

A

only in workers - most active in young bees to make royal jelly

43
Q

what gland does the queen have

A

queen mandibular gland which produces queen products

44
Q

purpose of rectal glands

A

regulation of water content of feces

45
Q

what are nasonov/odour glands

A

signals location used by guard bees

46
Q

in which bees can we find dofour glands

A

only in females - queen and workers

47
Q

what is honeybees venom known as

A

apitoxin

48
Q

what is the alarm pheromone

A

koschevnikov gland - released when a bee stings another animal to attract the other bees to the location

49
Q

drone mandicular pheromone

A

attracts other flying drones to suitable site for mating with virgin queens

50
Q

what is dufours gland pheromone

A

allows worker bees to distinguish b/w eggs laid by the queen

51
Q

what is footprint pheromone

A

left by bees when they walk

52
Q

what is forager pheromone

A

released by older forager bees to slow maturing of nurse bee

53
Q

what is nasonov pheromone

A

emitted by works used for orientation and recruitment

54
Q

what is on the end of the female bees abdomen

A

ovipositor - stinger

55
Q

life cycle of a bee

A

holometamorphosis

56
Q

what do diploid eggs become

A

queens or workers

57
Q

what do haploid eggs become

A

drones

58
Q

how many larval stages does a bee have

A

5 stages

59
Q

how long does it take for a queen to mature

A

16 days (3 + 5 + 8 )

60
Q

how long does is take a worker bee to mature

A

21 days (3 + 6 + 12)

61
Q

how long does it take a drone bee to mature

A

24 days ( 3 + 7 + 14)

Bee hygiene (19 decks)

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