6. american foulbrood disease Flashcards
what is american fouldbrood disease
- histolysis infectiosa perniciosa larvae apium or
- pestis americana larvae apium
Facts about AFB
- Very contagious
- one of the most dangerous bee disease in the world
what organisation should AFB be reported to
reported to world organization for animal health OIE
pathogen of AFB
paenibacillus larvae
characteristics of AFB
- gram positive
- spore forming
What is infective in AFB
only spores are infective
Spreading of spores
- swarm from infected colonies
- by robbing
- with equipments
- with old infected wax combs
What are the spores resistant to
to heat, cold, disinfectants, desiccation and humidity
pathogenesis of AFB
larvae most susceptible during early larval stages
how many spores are enough to initiate a fatal infection
10 spores or fewer after about 12-36 hours after hatching
when do larvae die
soon after they have been sealed due to septicaemia
most susceptible?
larvae of queens is most vs larvae of workers
latent period length
takes 5 days
Diseased cell description
capping becomes moist and darken in colour
Shape of the capping
concave and convex
Colour of dead larvae
pearly white to a creamy brown
smell of larvae
fish glue like smell
Infected brood colour
- will turn chocolate down
- melt into a mass on the floor of the cell
= pupal tongue syndrome
Diagnosing AFB
- Inspect the combs
- study in UV light
- milk probe = milk will curdle within a minute
- PCR
- cultivating bacterium
- staining of spores
is AFB a notifiable disease
Yes
treatment of AFB
Most of the European country it is not allowed to treat with antibiotics!!
some countries allow oxytetracycline hydrochloride or sulfathiazole
control:
some countries antibiotics: oxytetracycline hydrochloride or sulfathiaole
- OTC and sulfathiaole- resistance
