BASIC NEUROLOGY Flashcards
🌸 TYPES of ATAXIA
- Cerebellar: Vasculitis, MS, infection, bleeding, Infarction, Tumors, Direct injury, Toxins, Genetic DISORDERS
- Optic
- Sensory ➡️ DCML , Large Fiber lesions
- Frontal Lobe Ataxia
- Mixed
- Vestibular
- Psychogenic
- Pseudoataxia
FRIEDRIECH’S ATAXIA
ATAXIA TELENGIECTASIA
ACUTE ATAXIA
Difference BETWEEN Neurogenic Gait DISORDERS vs Skeletal abnormalities GAIT
Skeletal abnormalities GAIT: PAINFUL
ANTALGIC GAIT aka LIMP
CIRCUMDUCTION/HEMIPLEGIC GAIT
UMN lesion
Hemiplegia/Hemiparesis
WALKING IN MUD Gait seen in
PARAPARESIS
HIGH STEPPING GAIT
aka
SLAPPING GAIT
Seen in FOOT DROP
(Common Peroneal Nerve palsy)
MYOPATHIC GAIT
(OR)
WADDLING GAIT
B/L Hip abduction abnormalities
TRENDELENBURG GAIT
U/L HIP ABDUCTION DEFECT
ATAXIC GAIT
(OR)
BROAD BASED GAIT
(OR)
CEREBELLAR GAIT
DUE TO: ATAXIA
Mostly Cerebellar
CEREBELLAR VERMIS INVOLVEMENT WITHOUT LIMB ATAXIA
TRUNCAL ATAXIA
💡🪔CLINICAL POINTER🪔
TENDENCY TO FALL BACKWARDS OR SIDEWAYS
APRAXIC GAIT
(OR)
FOOT-STUCK TO FLOOR
DUE TO:
⭐ DIFFUSE B/L HEMISPHERE DISEASE
⭐ DIFFUSE FRONTAL LOBE DISEASE
(Tumor, Hydrocephalus, Infarction)
⬇️
Cannot INITIATE and ORGANIZE the MOTOR ACT OF WALKING
FESTINANT GAIT (Hurried with SHORT RAPID STEPS)
(OR)
SHUFFLING GAIT
(OR)
EXTRAPYRAMIDAL GAIT
Seen in: PARKINSONISM
✨ SMALL SLOW STEPS WITH MARKED INSTABILITY
✨ INCREASING PACE and FREEZING
RETROPULSION is seen in
Parkinsonism
✨ Small Backward Steps are taken involuntarily when patient stops
MARCHE A PETITS PAS
✨ SMALL SLOW STEPS WITH MARKED INSTABILITY
✨ NO INCREASING PACE and FREEZING
Seen in
⭐ SMALL VESSEL CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE
SCISSORING GAIT
Spastic DIPLEGIA
DUE TO: Cerebral Palsy
STAMPING GAIT
(OR)
SENSORY ATAXIA GAIT
⭐ LARGE FIBER POLYNEUROPATHY
⭐ POSTERIOR COLUMN LESION
BROAD BASED, HIGH STEPPING, STAMPING GAIT
BROAD BASED GAIT
⭐ ATAXIC GAIT / CERBELLAR ATAXIA
⭐ STAMPING GAIT / SENSORY ATAXIA
CHOREIFORM GAIT
(OR)
HYPERKINETIC GAIT
Seen in
⭐ Sydenham’s Chorea (Rheumatic fever)
⭐ Huntington’s Disease
⭐ Chorea
⭐ Athetosis
CHARLIE CHAPLIN gait found in
🧠⚡ CC found in TT ⚡
CC = CHARLIE CHAPLIN gait
TT= TIBIAL TORSION
FLUENT APHASIA
🧠⚡as FLUENT as CAT Walks ⚡
🧠⚡Repetitions seen in ATS ⚡
🧠⚡Comprehension absent in TW ⚡
Classification of APHASIA
Broca’s area
🧠⚡Broc is MEHANATI ⚡
