Barron's: Chapter 4 - Greek Art Flashcards
1
Q
Archaic Art
A
- 600-480 B.C.E.
2
Q
Classical Art
A
- 480-323 B.C.E.
3
Q
Hellenistic Art
A
- 320-30 B.C.E.
4
Q
Essential Knowledge
A
- Greek art is studied chronologically according to changes in style
- Greeks works are not studied according to dynastic rule, as in Egypt, but according to broad changes in stylistic patters
- Greek art is most known for its idealization and harmonic proportions, both in sculpture and in architecture
- Greek art has had an important impact on European art, particularly in the eighteenth century
- Greek writing contains some of the earliest contemporary accounts about art and artists
- Epics from the foundation of Greek writing. The texts at first transmitted orally, but later were written down
5
Q
3 ways Greek sculpture stands apart from ones before them
A
- unafraid of nudity
- marble sculpture cut away from the stone behind them
- in the Classical and Hellenistic periods use contrapposto
6
Q
Anavysos Kouros
A
- 530 B.C.E.
- marble and paint
- National Archaeological Museum, Athens
- Archaic Art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Idealization
- Power Figure
- Staff God
- Donatello, David
7
Q
Peplos Kore
A
- 530 B.C.E.
- marble and paint
- Acropolis Museum, Athens
- Archaic Art
- Winged Victory of Samothrace
- Seated Boxer
- Victory Adjusting Her Sandal
8
Q
Polykleitos, Spear Bearer
A
- 450-440 B.C.E.
- marble copy from a bronze original
- National Archaeological Museum, Naples
- Greek name: Doryphoros
- Archaic Art-Classical Art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Human Figure
- Female Deity from Nukoro
- Shiva as Lord of Dance
- Braque, Portugese
9
Q
Helios, Horses and Dionysos
A
- 438-432 B.C.E.
- marble
- British Museum, London
- classical art; contrapposto
10
Q
Plaque of the Ergastines
A
- 438-432 B.C.E.
- marble
- Louvre, Paris
- Classical Art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Relief Sculpture
- Churning of the Ocean of Milk
- Coyolxauhqui
- Lintel 25 of Structure 23 from Yaxchilan
11
Q
Victory Adjusting her Sandal, from the Temple of Athena Nike
A
- 410 B.C.E.
- marble
- Acropolis Museum, Athens
- Classical Art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Figure in Motion
- Shiva as Lord of Dance
- Nio guardian figure
- Churning of the Ocean of Milk
12
Q
Grave Stele of Hegeso
A
- 410 B.C.E.
- painted marble
- National Archaeological Museum, Athens
- Classical Art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Funerary Markers and Materials
- Taj Mahal
- Sarcophagus of the Spouses
- Tutankhamun’s Tomb
13
Q
Nike of Samothrace
A
- 190 B.C.E.
- marble
- Louvre, Paris
- Hellenistic Art
- found in 1863 in situ on Samothrace
- Cross-Cultural References: Location
- Smithson, Spiral Jetty
- Dome of the Rock
- Lanzon Stela
14
Q
Athena, from the Pergamon Altar
A
- 175 B.C.E.
- marble
- State Museum, Berlin
- gigantomachy
- Hellenistic Art
- Cross-Cultural References: Relief Sculpture
- Narmer Palette
- Anthropomorphic Stele
- Pyxis of al-Mughira
15
Q
Seated Boxer
A
- 100 B.C.E.
- bronze
- National Roman Museum, Rome
- Rare Hellenistic bronze
- Hellenistic Art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Individual vs. Society
- Goya, And There’s Nothing to Be Done
- Kirchner, Self-Portrait as a Soldier
- Munch, The Scream
16
Q
Athenian Agora
A
- 600-150 B.C.E.
- Athens, Greece
- Archaic Art-Classical Art-Hellenistic Art
17
Q
Iktinos and Kallikrates, th Parthenon
A
- 447-438 B.C.E.
- Athens, Greece
- constructed under the leadership of Pericles after the Persian sack of Athens in 480 B.C.E. destroyed the original Acropolis
- Classical Art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Classical Influence on Later Buildings
- Jefferson, Monticello
- Porta, Il Gesu
- Venturi, House in New Castle County
18
Q
Kallikrates, Temple of Athena Nike
A
- 425 B.C.E.
- Athens, Greece
- Amphiprostyle: Having four columns in the front and four in the back
- built to commemorate the Greek victory over the Persians in the Battle of Marathon
- Classical Art
19
Q
Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon
A
- 175 B.C.E.
- marbel
- State Museum, Berlin
- Hellenistic Art
20
Q
Niobid Painter, Niobides Krater
A
- 460-450 B.C.E.
- clay
- Louvre, Paris
- Found in Orvieto, Italy
- Classical Art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Ceramics
- Beaker with ibex motifs
- The David Vases
- Martinez, Black-on-black ceramic vessel
21
Q
Alexander Mosaic from the House of Faun
A
- 310 B.C.E.
- Roman copy of 100 B.C.E.
- mosaic
- National Archaeological Museum, Naples
- Classical Art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Battle and Glory
- Narmer Palette
- Bayeux Tapestry
- Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People
22
Q
acropolis
A
- literally, a “high city,”a Greek temple complex built on a hill over a city
23
Q
agora
A
- a public plaza in a Greek city where commercial, religious, and societal activities are conducted
24
Q
amphiprostyle
A
- having four columns in the front and rear of a temple
25
Q
amphora
A
- a two-handled ancient Greek storage jar
26
Q
architrave
A
- a plain, unornamented lintel on the entablature
27
Q
Athena
A
- Greek goddess of war and wisdom; patron of Athens
28
Q
canon
A
- a body or rules or laws; in Greek art, the ideal mathematical proportion of a figure
29
Q
caryatid (male: atlantid)
A
- a building column that is shaped like a female figure
30
Q
contrapposto
A
- graceful arrangement of the body based on tilted shoulders and hips and bent knees
31
Q
Corinthian
A
- an order of ancient Greek architecture similar to the Ionic, except that the capitals are carved in ties or leaves
32
Q
cornice
A
- a projecting ledge over a wall
33
Q
doric
A
- an order of ancient Greek architecture that features grooved columns with no grooved bases and an upper story with square sculpture called metopes
34
Q
entablature
A
- the upper story of a Greek temple
35
Q
frieze
A
- a horizontal band of sculpture
36
Q
gigantomachy
A
- a mythical ancient Greek war between giants and the Olympian gods
37
Q
in situ
A
- a latin expression that means that something is in its original location
38
Q
ionic
A
- an order of Greek architecture that features columns with scrolled capitals and an upper stoyr with sculpture that are in friezes
39
Q
isocephalism
A
- the tradition of depicting heads of figures on the same level
40
Q
kiln
A
- an oven used for making pottery
41
Q
kouros (female: kore)
A
- an archaic Greek sculpture of a standing youth
42
Q
krater
A
- a large ancient Greek bowl used for making water and wine
43
Q
metope
A
- a small relief sculpture on the facade of a Greek temple
44
Q
mosaic
A
- a decoration using pieces of stone, marble, or colored glass called tesserae, that are cemented to a wall or a floor
45
Q
nike
A
- ancient Greek goddess of victory
46
Q
Niobe
A
- the model of a grieving mother; after boasting of her twelve children, jealous gods killed them
47
Q
Panathenaic way
A
- a ceremonial road for a procession built to honor Athena during a festival
48
Q
pediment
A
- the triangular top of a temple that contains sculpture
49
Q
peplos
A
- a garment worn by women in ancient Greece, usually full length and tied at the waist
50
Q
peristyle
A
- a colonnade surrounding a building or enclosing a courtyard
51
Q
portico
A
- an entrance way to a building having columns supporting a roof
52
Q
propylaeum (plural: proplaea)
A
- a gateway leading to a Greek temple
53
Q
relief sculpture
A
- sculpture that projects form a flat background
54
Q
shaft
A
- the body of a column
55
Q
stele (plural: stelae)
A
- an upright stone slab used to mark a grave or site
56
Q
stoa
A
- an ancient Greek covered walkway having columns on one side and a wall on the other
57
Q
tholos
A
- an ancient Greek circular shrine
58
Q
triglyph
A
- a projecting grooved element alternating with a metope on a Greek temple
59
Q
Zeus
A
- king of the ancient Greek gods; known as Jupiter to the Romans; god of the sky and weather
