Barron's: Chapter 26 - Art of the Americas Flashcards
1
Q
Chavin
A
- 900-200 B.C.E.
- Coastal Peru
2
Q
Mayan
A
- 300-900 C.E. and later
- Belize, Guatemala
- Honduras, Yucatan
3
Q
Anasazi
A
- 550-1400 C.E.
- American Southwest
4
Q
Mississippian
A
- 800-1500 C.E.
- Eastern United States
5
Q
Aztec
A
- 1400-1521
- Central Mexico, centered in Mexico City
6
Q
Inka
A
- 1438-1532
- Peru
7
Q
North American Indian
A
- 18th century to present
- North America
8
Q
Essential Knowledge
A
- Ancient America can be divided into many cultural and historical groupings both in North and South America
- Art in these regions is often animal based (feathers, hides, etc.) and used in shamanistic rituals. art carved from stone is also important
- Pyramids began as earthworks and then grew to multi-level structures. Sites were often added to over many years. most architecture is made of stone, using the post and lintel system and faced with painted sculpture. there are usually large plazas before the pyramids
- sculpture relates the deeds of rulers and epic stories of the gods. artists generally worked under a united vision in a workshop. the audience for art could be an entire city or an intimate religious circumstance
- Mesoamericans have had an influence on the Spanish who occupied the area, both commercially and artistically
- Mesoamerican objects were valued and treasured in Europe by connoisseurs and collectors. Increased recognition of their value today has led to a greater understanding of their contribution to world art.
- geography plays a key role in understanding Andean art. People of the coastal plains often acted individually; those in the mountains united against the elements. the geographic diversity accounts for the differing materials used in the creation of works of art
- most Andean art seems to have been a workshop system whereby many collaborate on a single project
- most common Andean findings have been in graves; a great many works were done for funerary purposes
- Andean art has had an influence on modern European and Latin American artists
- many interdisciplinary sources are used to piece together the major monuments of Native North Americans
- Archaeology, oral and written history, documents, and museum records form the basis of North American Indian research
- there is no uniform naming structure for the original people of this area
- in addition to traditional North American materials and techniques used in artwork, objects that have been traded with outsiders have become part of the Indian artistic experience
- many motifs, such as animals and geometric designs, appear in North American art. Respect for nature, religion, and elders are dominant themes
- art was created mostly for groups, as the patrons were likely important tribal leaders. Artists worked in groups in an apprentice-type relationship
- Native North American art has had a minimal impact on Europeans and American styles. However, a revival movement has invigorated cultural traditions and opened them up to a wider market
9
Q
Chain de Huantar
A
- 900-200 B.C.E.
- Peru
10
Q
Plan and Lanzon Stone
A
- granite
- Chavin art
11
Q
Yaxchilan
A
- 725 C.E.
- limestone
- Chiapas, Mexico
- Mayan art
12
Q
Structure 40
A
- Yaxchilan
- 725 C.E.
- limestone
- Chiapas, Mexico
- Mayan art
13
Q
Lintel 25, Structure 23
A
- Yaxchilan
- 725 C.E.
- limestone
- British Museum, London
- Mayan art
14
Q
Structure 33
A
- Yaxchilan
- 725 C.E.
- limestone
- Chiapas, Mexico
- Mayan art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Temples
- White Temple on its Ziggurat
- Lakshaman Temple
- Todai-ji
15
Q
Mesa Verde cliff dwellings
A
- Anasazi
- 450-1300 C.E.
- sandstone
- Montezuma County, Colorado
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Cliffside
- Bamiyan Buddhas
- Longmen Caves
- Petra
16
Q
Great Serpent Mound
A
- Mississippian (Eastern Woodlands)
- c. 1070 C.E.
- earthwork
- Adams County, southern Ohio
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Earthworks
- Smithson, Spiral Jetty
17
Q
Templo Mayor (Main Temple)
A
- 1375-1520
- stone
- Tenochtitlan, Mexico City, Mexico
- Aztec art
