Barron's: Chapter 22 - Early and Mid-Twentieth Century Art Flashcards
1
Q
Time Period
A
- 1900-1980
2
Q
Movement, Dates, and Major Artists
A
- Fauvism: c. 1905; Matisse
- Expressionism: 1905-1930s; Kollwitz
- The Bridge: 1905; Kirchner
- The Blue Rider: 1911; Kandinsky
- Cubism: 1907-1930s; Picasso, Braque
- Constructivism: 1914-1920s; Stepanova
- Dada: 1916-1925; Duchamp
- DeStijl: 1917-1930s; Mondrian
- Mexican Muralists: 1920s-1930s; Rivera
- International Style: 1920s-1930s; Le Corbusier
- Surrealism: 1924-1930s; Kah;p, Oppenheim, Lam
- Harlem Renaissance: 1930s; Lawrence
- Abstract Expressionism: Late 1940s-1950s; DeKooning
- Pop Art: 1955-1960s; Warhol, Oldenburg
- Color Field Painting: 1960s; Frankenthaler
- Happenings: 1960s; Kusama
- Site Art: 1970s-1990s; Lin, Smithson
- Postmodern: 1975-today; Venturi
3
Q
Essential Knowledge
A
- New philosophies, particularly those by Freud and Einstein, spread throughout the world. These views were supplemented by a new understanding of worldwide cultures
- modern movements include expressionism, cubism, surrealism, etc.
- women artists become more recognized
- artists publish manifestos
- artists and architects use new materials such as acrylic, earthworks, and cantilevers
- commercial galleries become important. museums open and display art. art sells to an ever widening market
- artists work for private and public institutions to a sometimes critical public
4
Q
Goldfish
A
- Henri Matisse
- 1912
- oil on canvas
- Hermitage, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Fauvism
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Color
- Kngwarreye, Earth’s Creation
- Dedication Page of Blanche and Castile and Louis IX
- Mori, Pure Land
5
Q
Improvisation 28 (second version)
A
- Vassily Kandyinsky
- 1912
- oil on canvas
- Guggenheim Museum, New York
- Expresisonism
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Composition
- David, The Oath of the Horatti
- Ringgold, Dancing at the Louvre
- Giotto, Lamentation
6
Q
Self-Portrait as a Soldier
A
- Ernst Kirchner
- 1915
- oil on canvas
- Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio
- Expressionism
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Self-Portraits
- Rembrandt, Self-Portrait with Saskia
- Vigee Le Brun, Self-Portrait
- Kahlo, The Two Fridas
7
Q
Memorial Sheet for Karl Lieknecht
A
- Kathe Kollwitz
- 1919-1920
- woodcut
- Private Collection
- Expressionism
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Memorials
- Taj Mahal
- The Sphinx and the Pyramids
- Terra-Cotta Warriors
8
Q
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon
A
- Pablo Picasso
- 1907
- oil on canvas
- Museum of Modern Art, New York
- Cubism
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Group Figures
- Velazquez, Las Meninas
- Basquiat, Horn Players
- Sultan Muhammad, Court of the Gayumars
9
Q
The Portuguese
A
- Georges Braque
- 1911
- oil on canvas
- Art Museum, Basel, Switzerland
- Cubism
10
Q
The Kiss
A
- Constantin Brancusi
- 1907-1908
- limestone
- Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia
- Cubism
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Schematic Human Forms
- Anthropomorphic Stele
- Female Deity from Nukuoro
- Ikenga Shrine
11
Q
The Steerage
A
- Alfred Stieglitz
- 1907
- photograph
- Private Collection
- Photo-Secession
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Disadvantaged Persons
- Turner, Slave Ship
- Courbet, The Stone Breakers
- Rodin, The Burghers of Calais
12
Q
Fountain
A
- Marcel Duchamp
- original 1917, this version 1950
- china with black paint
- Philadelphia Museum of Art, Pennsylvania
- Dada
13
Q
Object
A
- Meret Oppenheim
- 1936
- fur-covered cup, saucer, and spoon
- Museum of Modern Art, New York
- Surrealism
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Found Objects
- Camelid Sacrum
- Duchamp, Fountain
14
Q
The Two Fridas
A
- Frida Kahlo
- 1939
- oil on canvas
- Museum of Modern Art, Mexico City
- Surrealism
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Self-Portraits
- Bichitr, Jahangir Preferring a Sufi Shaikh to Kings
- Rembrandt, Self-Portrait with Saskia
- Vigee Le Brun, Self-Portrait
15
Q
The Jungle
A
- Wilfredo Lam
- 1943
- gouache on paper mounted on canvas
- The Museum of Modern Art, New York
- Surrealism
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Art Inspired form Diverse Cultural Traditions
- Petra
- Golden Haggadah
- Kngwarreye, Earth’s Creation
16
Q
Illustration from The Results of the First Five-Year Plan
A
- Varvara Stepanova
- 1932
- photomontage
- Museum of the Revolution, Moscow, Russia
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Social Commentary
- Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People
- Sherman, Untitled #228
- Walker, Darkytown Rebellion
17
Q
Composition with Red, Blue, and Yellow
A
- Piet Mondrian
- 1930
- oil on canvas
- Private Collection
- DeStijl
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Composition
- Su-nam, Summer Trees
- Navigation Chart
- Martinez, Black-on-black ceramic vessel
18
Q
Kaufmann House “Fallingwater”
A
- Frank Lloyd Wright
- 1936-1939
- reinforced concrete, sandstone, steel, and glass
- Bear Run, Pennsylvania
- Prairie Style
- Cross-Cultural Connections: Homes
- Jefferson, Monticello
- Ryoan-ji
- House of the Vettii
19
Q
Villa Savoye
A
- Le Corbusier
- 1929
- steel and reinforced concrete
- Poissy-sure-Seine, France
- International Style
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Houses
- House of the Vettii
- Alberti, Palazzo Rucellai
- Alhambra
20
Q
Seagram Building
A
- Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Philip Johnson
- 1954-1958
- steel frame with glass curtain wall and bronze
- New York
- International Style
21
Q
The Migration of the Negro, Panel no. 49
A
- Jacob Lawrence
- tempera on hardboard
- 1940-1941
- Museum of Modern Art, New York
- Harlem Renaissance
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Social Criticism
- Salcedo, Shibboleth
- Smith, Lying with the Wolf
- Quick-to-See-Smith, Trade
22
Q
Dream of a Sunday Afternoon in the Alameda Park
A
- Diego Rivera
- 1947-1948
- fresco
- Museo Mural Diego Rivera, Mexico City
- Mexican Muralists
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Historicism
- Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People
- Raphael, School of Athens
- Olmec Style Mask
23
Q
Woman, I
A
- Willem de Kooning
- 1950-1952
- oil on canvas
- Museum of Modern Art, New York
- Abstract Expressionism
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Images of Women
- Manet, Olympia
- Titian, Venus of Urbino
- Neshat, Rebellious Silence
24
Q
The Bay
A
- Helen Frankenthaler
- 1963
- acrylic on canvas
- Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, Michigan
- Color Field Painting
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Nature
- Su-nam, Summer Trees
- Hokusai, Great Wave
- Bruegel, Hunters in the Snow
25
Q
Marilyn Diptych
A
- Andy Warhol
- 1962
- oil, acrylic, silkscreen enamel on canvas
- Tate Gallery, London
- Pop Art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Human Identity
- Tlatilco Female Figure
- Rodriguez, Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo
- Neshat, Rebellious Silence
26
Q
Lipstick (Ascending) on Caterpillar Tracks
A
- Claes, Oldenburg
- 1969-1974
- cor-ten steel, aluminium, and cast resin, painted with polyurethane enamel
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- Pop Art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: War and Battle Commemorations
- Column of Trajan
- Lin, Vietnam Veterans Memorial
- Siege of Belgrade
27
Q
Narcissus Garden
A
- Yayoi Kusama
- first seen in 1966
- installation of mirrored balls
- Venice
- Happenings art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Human Identity and Image
- Sherman, Untitled 228
- Wall Plaque from Oba’s Palace
- Narmer Palette
28
Q
Spiral Jetty
A
- Robert Smithson
- 1970
- mud, salt crystals, rocks, water coil
- Great Salt Lake, Utah
- Site art
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Spirals and Circular Constructions
- Christo and Jeanne-Claude, The Gates
- Great Serpent Mound
- Stonehenge
29
Q
House in New Castle County
A
- Robert Venturi, John Rauchm and Denise Scott Brown
- 1978-1983
- wood frame and stucco
- Delaware
- Postmodern Architecture
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Homes
- Jefferson, Monticello
- Alberti, Palazzo Rucellai
- LeCorbusier, Villa Savoye
30
Q
abstract
A
- works of art that may have form, but have little or no attempt at pictorial representation
31
Q
action painting
A
- an abstract painting in which the artist drips or splatter paint onto a surface like a canvas in order to create the work
32
Q
assemblage
A
- a three-dimensional work made of various materials such as wood, cloth, paper, and miscellaneous objects
33
Q
biomorphism
A
- a movement stressing organic shapes that hint at natural forms
34
Q
cantilever
A
- a projecting beam that is attached to a building at one end but suspended in the air at the other
35
Q
collage
A
- a composition made by pasting together different items onto a flat surface
36
Q
color field painting
A
- a style of abstract painting characterized by simple shapes and monochromatic color
37
Q
documentary photography
A
- a type of photography that seeks social and political redress for current issues by using photographs as a way of exposing society’s faults
38
Q
earthwork
A
- a large outdoor work in which the earth itself is the medium
39
Q
ferroconcrete
A
- stele reinforced concrete; the two materials act together to resist building stresses
40
Q
frottage
A
- a composition made by rubbing a crayon or a pencil over paper placed over a surface with a raised design
41
Q
happening
A
- an act of performance art that is initially planned but involves spontaneity, improvisation, and often audience participation
42
Q
harlem renaissance
A
- a particularly rich artistic period in the 1920s and 1930s that is named after the African-American neighborhood in New York City where it emerged. it is marked by a cultural resurgence by African-Americans in the fields of painting, writing, music, and photography
43
Q
installation
A
- a temporary work of art made up of assemblages create for a particular space, like an art gallery or a museum
44
Q
mobile
A
- a sculpture made of several different items that dangle from a ceiling and can be set into motion by air currents
45
Q
ready-made
A
- a commonplace object selected and exhibited as a work of art
46
Q
silkscreen
A
- a printing technique that passes ink or paint through a stenciled image to make multiple copies
47
Q
venice biennale
A
- a major show of contemporary art that takes place every other year in various venues throughout the city of Venice; begun in 1895
