Barron's: Chapter 3 - Egyptian Art Flashcards
1
Q
Essential Knowledge
A
- Egyptian art was created around ideas concerning eternity, the afterlife, and rebirth
- Funerary objects dominate, including large-scale sculptures, stone architecture, and tomb artifacts-all in the service of the god-like pharaoh
- strict Egyptian stylistic formulas are applied to the gods and pharaohs; they clearly show others to be subordinate and lacking in idealization
2
Q
Time Period
A
- 3000-30 B.C.E.
- Old Kingdom: 2575-2134 B.C.E.
- New Kingdom: 1550-1070 B.C.E.
3
Q
Narmer Palette
A
- 3000-2920 B.C.E.
- slate
- Egyptian Museum, Cairo
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Symbolism
- Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People
- Cotsiogo, Hide Painting of a Sun Dance
- Ruler’s Feathered Headdress
4
Q
Seated scribe
A
- 2620-2500 B.C.E.
- painted limestone
- Louvre, Paris
- Old Kingdom period
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Human Figure
- Shiva as Nataraja
- Great Buddha from Todai-ji
- Abakanowicz, Androgyn III
5
Q
Great Pyramids
A
- 2550-2490 B.C.E.
- limestone
- Giza, Egypt
- Old Kingdom period
- tombs of pharaohs Menkaura, Khufu, and Khafre
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Commemoration of Ruler and Country
- Taj Mahal
- Houdon, George Washington
- Terra-Cotta warriors
6
Q
Great Sphinx
A
- 2500 B.C.E.
- limestone
- Giza, Egypt
- very generalized features, although some say it may be a portrait of Khafre, whose pyramid stands behind the Sphinx
- carved in situ from a huge rock, symbol of the sun god
- body of a lion, head of a pharaoh and/or god
- sphinx seems to protect the pyramids behind it
- originally brightly painted to stand out in the desert
- cats are royal animals in ancient Egypt, probably because they saved the grain supply from mice
- head of the Sphinx badly mauled in the Middle Ages
- fragment of the Sphinx’s beard in the British Museum
7
Q
Menkaura and His Queen
A
- 2490-2472 B.C.E.
- greywacke
- Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
- Old Kingdom period
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Royalty
- Lindauer, Tamati Waka Nene
- Wall Plaque from Oba’s Palace
- Augustus of Prima Porta
8
Q
Temple of Amun-Re and Hypostyle Hall
A
- 1550-1250 B.C.E.
- sandstone and mud brick
- near Luxor, Egypt
- New Kingdom period
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Houses of Worship
- Lakshamana Temple
- Santa Sabina
- Great Mosque, Isfahan
9
Q
Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut
A
- 1473-1458 B.C.E.
- sandstone
- near Luxor, Egypt
- New Kingdom period
10
Q
Queen Hatshepsut with Offering Jars
A
- 1473-1458 B.C.E.
- red granite
- Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
- New Kingdom period
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons:
- Nio guardian figure
- Staff God
- Lamassu
11
Q
Akhenaton, Nefertit, and Three Daughters
A
- 1353-1335 B.C.E
- limestone
- Egyptian Museum, Berlin
- New Kingdom period
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Genre Scenes:
- Vermeer, Woman with a Balance
- Courbet, Stone Breakers
- Stele of Hegeson
12
Q
Innermost COffin of King Tutankhamun
A
- 1323 B.C.E.
- gold,enamel, semiprecious stones
- Egyptian Museum, Cairo
- New Kingdom period
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Commemoration
- Sarcophagus of the Spouses
- Moai
- Ndop
13
Q
Last Judgment of Hu-Nefer
A
- 1275 B.C.E.
- painted papyrus scroll
- British Museum, London
- New Kingdom period
- Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Scrolls
- Night Attack on the Sanjo Palace
- Bayeux Tapestry
- Bing, A book from the Sky
14
Q
amarna style
A
- art created during the reign of Akhenaton, which features a more relaxed figure style than in Old and Middle Kingdom art
15
Q
ankh
A
- an Egyptian symbol of life
16
Q
axial plan
A
- a building with an elongated ground plan
17
Q
clerestory
A
- a roof that rises above lower roofs and thus has window space beneath
18
Q
engaged column
A
- a column that is not freestanding but attached to a wall
19
Q
ground line
A
- a base line upon which figures stand
20
Q
hierarchy of scale
A
- a system of representation that expresses a person’s importance by the size of his or her representation in a work of art
21
Q
hieroglyphics
A
- Egyptian temple that has a roof supported by a dense thicket of columns
22
Q
in situ
A
- a Latin expression that means that something is in its original location
23
Q
ka
A
- the soul, or spiritual essence, of a human being that either ascends to heaven or can live in an Egyptian statue itself
24
Q
mastaba
A
- Arabic for “bench” a low, flat-roofed Egyptian tomb with sides sloping down
25
Q
necropolis
A
- literally a “city of the dead” a large burial area
26
Q
papyrus
A
- a tall aquatic plant whose fiber is used as a writing surface in ancient Egypt
27
Q
peristyle
A
- a colonnade surrounding a building or enclosing a courtyard
28
Q
pharaoh
A
- a king of ancient Egypt
29
Q
pylon
A
- a monumental gateway to an Egyptian temple marked by two flat, sloping walls between which is a smaller entrance
30
Q
register
A
- a horizontal band, often on top of another, that tells a narrative story
31
Q
relief sculpture
A
- sculpture which projects from a flat background. a very shallow relief sculpture is called a bas-relief
32
Q
reserve column
A
- a column that is cut away from rock but has no support function
33
Q
sarcophagus
A
- a stone coffin
34
Q
stylized
A
- a schematic, non-realistic manner of representing the visible world and its contents, abstracted form the way that they appear in nature
35
Q
sunken relief
A
- a carving in which the outlines of figures are deeply carved into a surface so that the figures seem to project forward
