Barrier Nursing (+CR) Flashcards
What is an Nosocomial Infection?
And how else is it reffered to as?
An infection, caused by a pathogenic organism, that is aquired during patient hospitalization
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Also called Hospitalized Acquired Infection (HAI)
What is a Zoonosis?
&
Who are the susceptible hosts?
A disease caused by a pathogenic organism, that can be transmissible to humans
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Humans (primarly/in reference to)
But also includes animals
What is disinfection?
The process used to reduce the number of pathogenic organisms in the environment
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To a level considered ‘safe’
Usually, using a disinfectant (A chemical solution that inactivates pathogenic organisms)
What is Sterilization?
The process used to destroy all
living tissues, microbial life/micro-organisms with the potential to cause disease.
What form of care is given to Immunocompromised, long-term hospitlisation & neonate patients?
Reverse
Barrier Nursing
A-side of Immunocompromised, long-term hospitlisation & neonates - who else are vulnerable susceptible hosts?
What about an example of susceptible humans?
Patients undergoing chemotherapy, un-vaccinated or with open wounds
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Pregnant woman
What is the tier system called, that is used as a guide to housing patients with Infectious diseases?
And how many tiers are there?
Tier System
(O’Dwyer 2012)
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4
What type of cases are applicable for Tier 1?
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Where should they be housed?
Patients with:
* Poor Immune status
* High risk of Infection
* Critically ill
* Immunocompromised
* Long-term hospitalised
* Un-vaccinated
* Neonates
Housed in main hospitlisation ward or Intensive care
What type of cases are applicable for Tier 2?
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Where should they be housed?
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When do you attend them?
Patients with:
* No history of infectious disease
* Elective surgery
* Work up for Non-infectious disease
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House in main hospitilsation ward
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Attend after tier 1 patients
What type of cases are applicable for Tier 3?
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Where should they be housed?
Patients with:
* Infectious diseases
* Mildly contagious
* Multi-drug Resistant Bacterial Infections (Excluding MRSA)
* Open draining wounds
* Long term antibiotics therapy
* FIV (Feline Immunodeficiency Virus)
* FIP (Feline Infectious Peritonitis)
* FeLV (Feline Leukemia Virus)
* Ringworm
* Campylobacter
* Giardia
* Pyoderma
Housed in general hospilisation ward, BUT with barrier nursing!
What type of cases are applicable for Tier 4?
+
Where should they be housed?
Patients with:
* Highly contagious diseases like:
- Parvo Virus
(Canine Infectious Enteritis) - Distemper
(Canine Adenovirus) - Corona Virus
(Feline Infectious Adenovirus) - Kennel Cough
(Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease) - Cat Flu
(Feline Herpes Virus) - Canine Adenovirus
(Infectious Canine Hepatitis) - Bacterial Enteritis
(Such as Salmonella spp)
MUST be housed in Isolation unit
If suspect - never invite into practice, access from outside practice
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Keep there till discharge
Senario..
A client calls into practice, saying their dog has a persitant cough, unproductive retching + lethargy.
The dog is not vaccinated for KC + has been with a dog walker all day.
What is the suspected disease?
Kennel Cough
(Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease)
What tier does KC require?
4
What 3 factors must you consider when are barrier nursing an infectious patient?
- What tier of barrier nursing is required
- What precautions should be implemented - Including isolation + chemical protocols
- Where the patient should be hospitalised - including environment that would be most benefical for the patient
If an unknown infectious/contagious patient has arrived and been in practice + around reception
Who do you need to inform?
All the clients in that day
(Following the previous scenario)
How must you inform clients?
You must ring them, to inform them immediately
(Following the previous scenario)
What must you be aware of when calling these clients ?
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What must you ask them to do with their pet?
- Be aware + prepared that clients can be:
- Offended
- Upset
- Angry
- A chance you may lose some customers
- Ask them to isolate their pet for a minimum of 24 hrs + not travel
(Following the previous scenario)
What are the minimal amounts of cleaning that should be done, following this?
Immediately:
* Mop + clean all floors
* Wipe down all equipment
* Use the high ratio of disinfectant to water solutions (as stated by manafacture’s guidelines)
- Use an aersol treatment (Angiene bomb) and leave for 12 hours
What is the importance of adequate telephone triage?
Protecting:
* Hospitilised patients
* Patients in waiting area + consult rooms
* Personnel
* Owners
Why is it importance to know the vaccination status of patients?
- For their protection - to identify how protected they are
- To protect other patients + personnel
- Helps within clinical diagnosis for VSs
- To establish a travel history - as maany infectious or parasitic diseases come from abroad
(Depending on the disease involved)
Name the 13 ways in which infectious organisms can be excreted?
- Faeces
- Urine
- V+
- D+
- Nasal discharge
- Ocular discharge
- Salvia
- Gential discharge
- Body fluids
- Fluids from wounds/lesions
- Blood
- Milk
- Deceased animals
What system should you try and implicate, when it comes to keeping kennel items kept with their specific kennels, in Isolation?
Using a number system
What is the main, specific piece of PPE should always been worn in Isolation?
Full body disposable gown
What is a fomite?
An inanimate object, which disease-producing agents can be carried on
Again, what is a Nosocomial infection?
An infection aquired during a patient’s hospitalization or from a hospital visit
What is meant by barrier nursing?
A form of nursing care which is provided to patients with infectious diseases
Define an ‘Infectious disease’
A disease caused by pathogenic organisms, which under certain circumstances can be easily transmissible between animals/persons
What should be set in place to limit cross-contamination between patients and personnel in the VP?
Protocols
What is another term used to describe ‘seperating’ other hospitlised patients in an isolation?
Segregation
What are the 6 main types of patients should you reverse barrier nurse?
- Patients undergoing Chemotherapy
- Immunocomprimised
- Un-vaccinated
- Patients with compromised wounds
- Those at a high risk of easily attaining an infection
- Long-term hospitalized patients
What 5 types of PPE should you use for nursing patients with Lepto?
Disposable:
1. Foot covers
1. Face visor
2. Face mask
1. Gloves
1. Full body gown
When barrier nursing patients, what 5 routes of pathogenic transmission should you be aware of?
- Direct contact (Contact w/infected animal to new host)
- Indirect contact
- Aersol transmission
- Contaminated food + water
- Via a carrier animal
