Bacterial Structure 2&3. 6

Question 1

Germination occurs with?

Answer 1

nutritional and environmental normality

Question 2

Emergence of the vegetative cell is the result of?

Answer 2

endospore activation, germination, and subsequent outgrowth

Question 3

how long does germination take?

Answer 3

90 minutes

Question 4

Streptococcus mutans adhere to teeth better because they have a?

Answer 4

dextran and levan-polysaccharides CAPSULE/slime layer

Question 5

Whats development is associated with caries tooth disease for Streptococcus mutans?

Answer 5

dextran and levan-polysaccharides CAPSULE/slime layer

Question 6

glucosyl transferase

Answer 6

the enzyme which converts Sucrose (Glucose-O-Fructose) to glucose and fructose

Question 7

Sucrose (Glucose-O-Fructose) is converted to?

Answer 7

• *a polymer of glucose [dextran (glucan)] with alpha-1-6/alpha-1-3 bonds
• *a polymer of fructose [levan (fructan) ] with beta 2-6/beta 1-2 bonds (fructosyltransferases)

Question 8

what do you absolutely need in order to cause cavities?

Answer 8

glucosyl transferase enzyme

Question 9

glucosyltransferases (GTF) are realeased by?

Answer 9

S. mutans and S. sanguis which cause caries

Question 10

What are the 3 isoenzymes of GTF?

Answer 10

B, C, and D

Question 11

GTF B catalyses the synthesis of?

Answer 11

an insoluble glucan from sucrose, composed mainly of alpha1,3-glucose moieties

Question 12

GTF D synthesizes a water-soluble glucan of predominantly ___________ glucose

Answer 12

alpha1,6-linked glucose

Question 13

What synthesizes both alpha1,3- and alpha1,6-linked glucans?

Answer 13

GTF C

Question 14

Glucosyltransferases are good candidates for a human caries vaccine. Why?

Answer 14

It will inhibit the activity glucosyl transferase enzyme