Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1 Microbiology Oral/Med > Bacterial Structure 2&3. 5 > Flashcards

Bacterial Structure 2&3. 5 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

pili and fimbriae are primarily? functions?

A

exterior protrusions
 involved in attachment to tissue including salivary components
 May also be involved in movement
 involved in conjugation to other bacteria of same species
 viruses that infect bacteria sometime use these as receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Longer protrusions are? shorter are?

A 
longer= fimbriae
shorter= pili
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

fimbriae main function?

A

attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pili main attachment?

A

conjugation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

pili and fimbriae composed of?

A

protein subunit called pilin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

example of a human pathogen that has fimbrae that are virulence factors

A

Bordetella pertussis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Prokaryotes may contain one of several types of cell surface layers composed of?

A

Capsule
S-layer
slime layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

capsules and slime layers are involved in?

A

attachment and prevent phagocytosis

*Capsule prevents phagocytosis by macrophages or neutrophils and protects cell from its environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Capsule

A

Rigid polysaccharide layers firmly attached to cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

S-layer

A
  • two-dimensional arrays of proteins

* a selective sieve, allowing passage of low-molecular-weight substances while excluding large molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

slime layer

A

Diffuse, amorphous, less compact polysaccharide matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What bacteria has a Polysaccharides caspsule?

A

-Streptococcus pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What bacteria has a hyaluronic acid caspsule?

A

-Streptococcus pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What bacteria has a poly-D-glutamic acid caspsule?

A

-Polypeptides-Bacillus anthracis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What bacteria has a dextran and levan-polysaccharides caspsule?

A

-Streptococcus mutans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

another name for storage granules?

A

inclusions

17
Q

Many bacteria have Storage granules

(inclusions) that are composed of? produced under conditions of? Examples?

A
  • composed of high molecular weight polymers
  • produced under conditions of unbalanced growth
  • Ex: Volutin
18
Q

What does does Volutin stain? What is it?

A

a metachromatic granule storage granule
* toluidine blue causes volutin to stain
reddish violet

19
Q

what is Polybetahydroxybutyric acid?

A

polymer of C4 fatty acid

*Volutin stoarge granules are full of this

20
Q

Glycogen Storage granules are polymers of?

A

glucose with alpha1-4/alpha1-6 bonds

21
Q

Glycogen Storage granules stain what color?

A

stains red with addition of potassium iodide

22
Q

when bacteria are carbohydrate deficient then glycogen is degraded by

A

glycogen phosphorylase to allow glucose to enter glycolysis

23
Q

HOW can Streptococcus mutans cause caries even during the overnight when sucrose is not eaten?

A

via Glycogen Storage granules
*when bacteria are carbohydrate deficient then glycogen is degraded by glycogen phosphorylase to allow glucose to enter glycolysis

24
Q

The endospore is a highly resistant _____ bacterial cell produced by?

A

differentiated bacterial cell produced

by certain gram-positive Bacteria

25
Q

how do bacteria survive extreme environments?

A

spore formation

**Endospores can germinate a live cell even after many decades, centuries, or millennia

26
Q

spores are resistant to?

A

heat, drying, radiation, chemicals

27
Q

what color do spores stain?

A

they don’t. difficult to stain, clear

28
Q

Bacillus species are aerobic or anaerobic?

A

aerobic

29
Q

Clostridium species aerobic or anaerobic?

A

anaerobic

30
Q

endospores are formed by how many genes? takes how long? formed because? Formed in certain genus and species?

A
  • 500 genes
  • 10 hours
  • lack of nutrition, bad environment
  • **Formed in certain genus and species such as Bacillus and Clostridium species
31
Q

spores are killed in autoclave at?

A

120oC for 20 min under 15 lb pressure

32
Q

what are the 4 layers of endospore?

A

Exosporium
Coat
Cortex
Core wall

33
Q

Exosporium

A

outermost layer-lipoprotein membrane

34
Q

Coat

A

very stable keratinlike protein

35
Q

Cortex

A

thickest layer composed of
peptidoglycan with fewer peptide
crosslinks

36
Q

Core wall

A

peptidoglycan

37
Q

Small acid-soluble proteins of endospore

protect?

A

DNA of endospore from ultraviolet

radiation, desiccation, and dry heat and also serve as a carbon and energy source during germination

38
Q

dipicolinic acid

A

is unique to spores

*Spores contains a high amount of divalent calcium bound up by dipicolinic

39
Q

what is unique about spore pH?

A

is one unit lower than usual

1 Microbiology Oral/Med (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions