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RDS Test 2 > B8-074 CBCL STI/STD > Flashcards

B8-074 CBCL STI/STD Flashcards

1
Q

neonatal infection with Ng during vaginal delivery causing conjunctivitis

A

ophtalmia neonatorum

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2
Q

why is there no effective vaccine for Ng?

A

antigenic variation of carboxy termini
phase variation of pilin

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3
Q

mechanism of immune evasion for Ng

A

IgA protease

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4
Q

mechanism of toxicity for Ng

A

lipooligosaccharide (LOS) endotoxin

causes symptoms

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5
Q

Thayer-Martin medium

A

Ng

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6
Q

sensitive and specific test for diagnosis of Ng in symptomatic males

A

gram stain

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7
Q

DOC for Ng

A

ceftriaxone

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8
Q

no classic peptidoglycan layer

A

chlamydia

(week Gram stain –> Giemsa stain)

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9
Q

Giemsa stain

A

chlamydia

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10
Q

why are beta-lactam antibiotics ineffective treatment for chlamydia?

A

no peptidoglycan layer

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11
Q

species specific and serovar-defining protein of chlamydia

A

MOMPS

(act as adhesins and implicated in disease manifestations)

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12
Q

auxotrophs dependent on host cell for ATP

A

chlamydia trachomatis

(cause a vacuole: “chlamydial inclusion”)

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13
Q

[…] body is the infectious form of chlamydia trachomatis

(key to extracellular survival)

A

elementary

(reticulate body only found intracellularly)

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14
Q

Ct does not infect epithelial cells of the […]

A

vagina

(lacking receptors?)

important because specimen must contain infected epithelial cells, so should be from urethra or cervix

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15
Q

Ct MOMPs A-C cause

A

trachoma

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16
Q

Ct MOMPs D-K cause

A

genital infections

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17
Q

Ct MOMPs L1-L3 cause

A

lymphogranuloma vereneum

(painful enlarged lymph nodes –> rupture)

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18
Q

leading cause of preventable blindness

A

Ct trachoma

MOMPs A-C

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19
Q

treatment for Ct trachoma

A

oral tetracycline

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20
Q

women with a history of Ng or Ct have an increased risk of sequelae with

A

PID

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21
Q

“inclusion conjunctivitis” in neonates

A

Ct

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22
Q

Ct in neonates can cause pneumonia presenting with a distinct […]

A

staccato cough

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23
Q

DOC for Ct

A

doxycycline 7 days

(single dose azithromycin if tetracyclines are contraindicated)

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24
Q

multiple shallow painful genital lesions

A

HSV

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25
Q

painless papule/ulcer with painful unilateral adenopathy

A

lymphogranuloma venereum

(Amboss: usually painless ulcer resolves in 1 week, then is followed by painful adenopathy 2+ weeks later)

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26
Q

painless lesion with firm raised border and regional lymphadenopathy

A

primary syphillis

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27
Q

painless, slowly progressive ulcerative lesion without lymphadenopathy

A

granuloma inguinale (Donovanosis)

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28
Q

few, large painful genital lesions

A

chancroid

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29
Q

HSV type […] is more likely to cause recurrent genital ulcers

A

2

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30
Q

treatment for HSV that has better bioavailability [2]

A

valacyclovir
famciclovir

(pts take less often; more $$)

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31
Q

gram negative coccobacillus causing chancroid

A

H. ducreyi

(do cry= painful)

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32
Q

not common in US, but common worldwide

stem may be traveler presenting with STD [2]

A

chancroid (painful)
granuloma inguinale (painless)

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33
Q

L1-L3 serotypes of Ct cause

A

LGV

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34
Q

can cause severe proctocolitis in MSM pts

A

LGV

(be vigilent if chlamydia PCR +)

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35
Q

ulcer causes inflammatory reaction in both superficial and deep inguinal nodes

characteristic “groove sign”

A

LGV

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36
Q

gram negative rod causing granuloma inguinale

A

Klebsiella granulomatis

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37
Q

Donovan bodies on tissue biopsy

A

granuloma inguinale

coccobacilli are visible as inclusion bodies in macrophages

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38
Q

spirochete cause syphilis

A

treponema pallidum

39
Q

most characteristic finding of secondary syphillis

A

rash

classically diffuse maculopapular of trunk, palms, and soles

40
Q

unusual and severe variant of secondary syphilis rash

usually seen in immunocompromised and spares palms/soles

A

lues maligna

41
Q

asymptomatic syphilis having been acquired in the previous year

A

early latent

(established via last negative test)

42
Q

asymptomatic syphilis having been acquired more than a year ago OR unclear duration

A

late latent

43
Q

slowly progressive syphilis 5-30 years after initial infection

A

tertiary syphilis

44
Q

diagnosis of neurosyphilis requires […] analysis

A

CSF

45
Q

what stage of syphilis does neurosyphilis typically present?

A

can occur at any stage

spreads to CNS early

46
Q

thick, white “clumpy” vaginal discharge associated with pruritic erythema from excoriation

A

vaginal candidiasis

47
Q

treatment for vaginal candidiasis

A

fluconazole

48
Q

treatment for syphilis

A

penicillin G

(if neuro symptoms –> IV)

49
Q

thin, off-white fishy vaginal discharge

A

bacterial vaginosis

50
Q

diagnosed via clue cells

A

bacterial vaginosis

51
Q

treatment for BV

A

metronidazole

52
Q

mucopurlent discharge
motile protozoa on wet mount

A

T. vaginalis

53
Q

treatment of T. vaginalis

A

metronidazole

54
Q

pt evaluated for cervicitis and all other testing comes back negative

A

mycoplasma genitalium

(underdiagnosed but PCR is becoming more widely available)

55
Q

treatment for mycoplasma genitalium

A

azithromycin

56
Q

most common and most often asymptomatic STD

A

chlamydia

57
Q

why is the pt retested for gonorrhea/chlamydia after 3 month?

A

risk of reinfection

58
Q

UTI pathogens are a common cause of […] in older men

A

epididymitis

59
Q

3 complications of PID

A

infertility
tubo-ovarian abscess
peri-hepatitis (Fitz-Hugh-Curtis)

60
Q

most common cause of epididymits/orchitis in young males [2]

A

Ct
Ng

61
Q

most common cause of epididymits/orchitis in older males [2]

A

E coli
Pseudomonas

62
Q

presents with localized pain/tenderness over the posterior testis

pain relieved with scrotal elevation (+Prehn sign)

A

epididymitis

63
Q

retesting for gonorrhea/chlamydia should be done in 3 months due to the high likelihood of […]

A

reinfection

64
Q

DOC for chancroid

A

ceftriaxone

65
Q

DOC for LGV

A

doxycycline

caused by chlamydia

66
Q

DOC for trichomonas

A

metronidazole (1 dose orally)

(treat partner as well)

67
Q

DOC for bacterial vaginosis

A

metronidazole (7 days)

68
Q

HPV serotypes associated with genital warts [2]

A

6, 11

69
Q

HPV serotypes most associated with cancer [2]

A

16, 18

70
Q

[what stage of syphilis]
asymptomatic

A

latent

(early vs. late latent determined based on time since infection)

71
Q

if a patient is asymptomatic, tests positive for syphilis, and we do not know when the infection was acquired, what stage is it?

A

late latent

72
Q

all sexually active women under 25 should be screened for […] due the high prevalence in this age group [2]

A

gonorrhea
chlamydia

(include HIV if they haven’t been screened previously)

73
Q

[gonorrhea/chlamydia]

antegenic variation in pilin

A

gonorrhea

74
Q

[gonorrhea/chlamydia]

more likely to present as urethritis with purulent urethral discharge

A

gonorrhea

75
Q

[gonorrhea/chlamydia]

gram negative diplococci on gram stain

A

gonorrhea

76
Q

DOC for vaginal candidiasis

A

fluconazole

77
Q

when left untreated, causes subcutaenous granulomas (gummas), tabes dorsalis, and personality changes

A

syphilis

78
Q

[gonorrhea/chlamydia]

can cause reactive arthritis

A

chlamydia

(classic triad: urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis; aka Reiters)

can’t pee, can’t see, can’t climb a tree

79
Q

[gonorrhea/chlamydia]

can cause a migratory, asymmetric arthritis

A

gonorrhea

80
Q

what is the bacterial classification of H. ducreyi?

A

gram negative coccobacillus

81
Q

HSV is a […] stranded […]NA virus

A

HSV is a [double] stranded [D]NA virus

82
Q

culture from reactive arthritis due to chlamydia will be

A

negative

causes an immune mediated arthritis

83
Q

most accurate test option for Ng or Ct

A

NAAT of the discharge

but can do urine PCR

84
Q

[gonorrhea/chlamydia]

dark brown intracellular inclusion bodies on Giemsa staining

A

chlamydia

85
Q

what class of antibiotics inhibits the 30S ribosomal subunit?

A

tetracyclines

86
Q

what class of antibiotics inhibits the 50S ribosomal subunit?

A

macrolides (-mycins)

87
Q

antibacterial/antiprotozoal agent that damages DNA within pathogens by forming toxic free radicals

A

metronidazole

88
Q

antifungal agent that inhibits fungal steroid synthesis

A

fluconazole

89
Q

[gonorrhea/chlamydia]

symptoms of neonatal conjunctivitis begin 5-14 days after birth

A

chlamydia

90
Q

[gonorrhea/chlamydia]

symptoms of neonatal conjunctivitis present 2-5 days after birth

A

gonorrhea

(in US, all neonates receive erythromycin eyedrops to prevent)

91
Q

neonatal conjunctivitis due to chlamydia can cause […] via descending infection

A

pneumonia

92
Q

[gonorrhea/chlamydia]

more likely to cause high fever and purulent discharge

A

gonorrhea

93
Q

primary virulence factor of Ng

A

type IV pili

94
Q

complications of PID

A

ectopic pregnancy
tubo-ovarian abscess
infertility
chronic pain

RDS Test 2 (21 decks)

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