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RDS Test 2 > B8-020 Reproductive Pharmacology > Flashcards

B8-020 Reproductive Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

pulsatile release of GnRH […] release of LH and FSH

A

stimulates

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2
Q

sustained, non-pulsatile release of GnRH […] release of LH and FSH

A

inhibits

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3
Q

adverse effects of using GnRH to suppress gonadotropins

A

menopausal symptoms
osteoporosis

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4
Q

GnRH agonist

A

gonadorelin

(half life 4 min as opposed to analogs with half life of 3 hours)

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5
Q

GnRH analogs [3]

A

leuprolide
goserelin
nafarelin

(half life 3 hrs intranasal)

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6
Q

GnRH antagonist

A

ganirelix

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7
Q

class used to stimulate ovulation induction and treat male infertility

A

gonadotropins

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8
Q

major risk of using gonadotropins to stimulate ovulation

A

ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome –> multiple pregnancies

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9
Q

FSH agonists [2]

A

urofollitropin
follitropin

(from urine of post menopausal women)

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10
Q

LH agonist

A

lutropin alfa

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11
Q

menotropin [1]

A

human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG)

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12
Q

hCG is most similar to [LH/FSH]

A

LH

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13
Q

[hCG/hMG] stimulates both LH and FSH equally

A

hMG

(hMG is more $$$)

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14
Q

estrogen binds to receptors and initiates gene transcription by binding to […]

A

ERE

estrogen response element

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15
Q

adverse effects of estrogens [2]

A

accelerated blood clotting
endometrial proliferation (unopposed)

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16
Q

which type of estrogen is the major product of the ovary?

A

estradiol E2

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17
Q

metabolically resistant pro-hormone version of estrogen

improves bioavailability

A

estrogen esters

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18
Q

equine estrogen sulfate sodium blended into standardized activity

A

conjugate estrogens

(very high potency)

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19
Q

estropipate is a [natural/synthetic] estrogen

A

natural

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20
Q

estrogen esters are a [natural/synthetic] estrogen

A

natural

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21
Q

conjugated estrogens are a [natural/synthetic] estrogen

A

natural

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22
Q

ethinyl estrogen is a [natural/synthetic] estrogen

A

synthetic

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23
Q

diethylstilbestrol (DES) is a [natural/synthetic] estrogen

A

synthetic

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24
Q

esterified estrogens are a [natural/synthetic] estrogen

A

synthetic

(manufactured from soybeans/yams)

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25
Q

estrogen that is implicated in clear cell carcinoma of the vagina in exposed female offspring

A

DES diethylstilbestrol

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26
Q

progesterone itself must be administered […]

A

IM

poor oral bioavailability

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27
Q

androgenic progestins that may decrease plasma HDL [3]

A

medroxyprogesterone acetate
norethindrone
levonorgestrel

28
Q

which progestin agonist is closest to pure progesterone [2]

A

desogestrol
drospirenone

29
Q

major adverse effect of hormone contraceptives

A

venous thromboembolism

30
Q

most hormonal contraceptives contain what type of estrogen?

A

ethinyl estradiol

31
Q

suppress the FSH/LH surge

A

hormonal contraception

32
Q

unopposed estrogen in postmenopausal women who still have a uterus can lead to […]

A

uterine cancer

33
Q

E+P in postmenopausal women can increase the risk of […] cancer

A

breast

34
Q

oral SERM used for ovulation induction

A

clomiphene

35
Q

SERM used to treat breast cancer

A

tamoxifen

36
Q

tamoxifen is an antagonist at the […] and partial agonist at […]

A

tamoxifen is an antagonist at the [breast] and partial agonist at [uterus and bone]

37
Q

raloxifene is an antagonist at the […] and agonist at […]

A

raloxifene is an antagonist at the [uterus and breast] and agonist at [bone]

38
Q

SERM used to treat osteoporosis

A

raloxifene

39
Q

partial agonist at ERa and antagonist at ERb

A

clomiphene

40
Q

oral SPRM used for emergency contraception and fibroids

A

ulipristal acetate

41
Q

estrogen antagonist used to treat tamoxifen resistant breast cancer

A

fulvestrant

42
Q

progesterone antagonist used as abortifacient with misoprotrol

A

mifepristone

(can be used as postcoital contraceptive)

43
Q

aromatase inhibitors [3]

A

anastrazole
letrozole
exemestane

44
Q

steroidal irreversible aromatase inhibitor

A

exemestane

45
Q

class used for breast cancer in post-menopausal women to block estrogen production by peripheral tissues

A

aromatase inhibitors

46
Q

androgens bind to intracellular receptors and lead to gene expression via […]

A

ARE

androgen response element

47
Q

adverse effects of androgens [4]

A

acne
gynecomastia
testicular atrophy/azoospermia
masculinization

48
Q

testosterone esters are administered via

A

IM oily depot

49
Q

testosterone is most commonly administered via

A

transdermal patch, gel

(careful not to get it on partners/kids)

50
Q

oral androgens [3]

A

methyltestosterone
fluoxymetstrone
oxandrolone

51
Q

androgen receptor inhibitors are primarily used for

A

prostate cancer

52
Q

androgen receptor inhibitors [3]

A

cyproterone
flutamide
spironolactone

53
Q

steroid synthesis inhibitors [4]

A

ketoconazole
abiraterone
finasteride
dutasteride

54
Q

leuprolide is a […] agonist

A

GnRH

55
Q

flutamide is a […] antagonist

A

androgen receptor

56
Q

MOA of finesteride

A

5a-reductase inhibitor

57
Q

fluoxymestrone is a […] agonist

A

androgen

58
Q

testosterone derivative with weak progestin, androgen, and glucocorticoid activity

A

danazol

59
Q

estrogen antagonist used in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer

A

fulvestrant

60
Q

unopposed estrogens may be used in what patient population?

A

those who have undergone hysterectomy

61
Q

can be used to induce ovulation
has greater LH activity than FSH activity

A

hCG

62
Q

can be used to induce ovulation
has equal LH activity and FSH activity

A

hMG

63
Q

used to induce ovulation by blocking negative feedback by estrogen at the pituitary, resulting in increased LH and FSH

A

SERMs

64
Q

low-efficacy progesterone partial agonist used as abortifacient in combination with a prostaglandin

A

mifepristone

65
Q

most widely used estrogen in oral contraceptives in combination with progestin

A

ethinyl estradiol

RDS Test 2 (21 decks)

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