B7.1 - Transport in plants Flashcards
the xylem is specialized to
transport water up the stem and into the leaves
Xylem vessels are made up of a series of
connected dead xylem cels
the end walls of the dead cells are broke to allow
water to move through
xylem tissue is made up of
dead hollowed-out cells
lignin strengthens
the cell wall of the xylems
what substance strengthens the cell walls of xylems
lignin
The broken end walls
allow water movement
xylem is important for carrying
water and dissolved mineral ions from the root
The phloem is specialized to transport
food products (sucrose and amino acids) to parts of the plant where they are necessary
phloem cells are made up of
columns of living cells
which tube transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
xylem
which tube transports food products to parts of the plant where necessary
phloem
the end walls of phloem cells contain
small holes
why does the phloem have small holes at end walls
to allow food products to move up and down the phloem vessels
where does water osmose in the plant
root hair cells
what are root hairs with projections for
having large surface area for osmosis
where does water move up
root cortex cells
where do the xylem vessels collect water
root cortex cells
after water reaches the xylem where does it osmose to next
mesophyll cells in the leaf where water osmoses out of the xylem into the cells
How to investigate water pathway?
put a wilted celery stalk in water that contains a stain like food dye and see if the food dye travels up the celery stem.
Mineral ions are taken up by
active transport
Water molecules in the xylem stick by
cohesion drawing up the water to the stem
when water reaches the leaves most of it
evaporates from the surface of the leaf
water vapor diffuses out of the
stomata
In which direction does xylem transport
Roots to leaves
In which direction does phloem transport
Source to sink
What is the name of the transport that happens in the xylem
Transpiration
What is the name of the transport that happens in the phloem?
Translocation
Define translocation
Movement of sucrose from source to sink in the phloem
Define transpiration
The movement of water through the xylem from roots to leaves of a plant
increasing humidity
decreases transpiration
why does increasing humidity decrease transpiration
too much water in the air so harder to evaporate
increasing temperature
increases transpiration
why does increasing temperature increase transpiration
water evaporates faster increasing the rate
what apparatus is used for rate of transpiration
potometers
measuring rate of transpiration
As water is lost through the plant’s leaves, the air bubble moves.
The speed of the bubble’s movement shows the rate of water uptake.
This is only an estimation as a small amount of the water taken up by the shoot is used in the leaves.
increase wind speed
increases transpiration
why is sucrose transported
conversion back to glucose for respiration, cell growth and conversion to starch to be stored until needed.