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IGCSE Biology > B5 - Plant nutrition > Flashcards

B5 - Plant nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Glucose produced by photosynthesis is mainly used for

A

respiration

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2
Q

What products can glucose be converted into

A

Starch, Proteins, Cellulose and Fats and oils

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3
Q

Starch, Proteins, Cellulose and Fats and oils are all converted from

A

Glucose

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4
Q

starch is

A

insoluble

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5
Q

starch is stored in

A

stems, leaves or roots

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6
Q

stems, leaves or roots can store

A

starch

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7
Q

Proteins are needed for

A

cell growth and repair

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8
Q

a source of nitrogen is needed for

A

glucose to convert to proteins

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9
Q

a source of what is needed to convert glucose into protein

A

nitrogen

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10
Q

plants get nitrogen by

A

absorbing nitrate ions from the soil

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11
Q

Fats and oils are stored in

A

seeds

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12
Q

what is stored in seeds

A

fats and oils

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13
Q

plants need minerals

A

for growth

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14
Q

plants extract minerals from

A

the soil

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15
Q

poor quality soil can lead to

A

ion deficiency in plants

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16
Q

nitrogen is needed for

A

production and synthesis of proteins

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17
Q

production and synthesis of proteins is done by

A

nitrogen

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18
Q

nitrogen deficiency causes

A

stunted growth

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19
Q

stunted growth is a result of

A

nitrogen deficiency

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20
Q

magnesium is needed for

A

production of chlorophyll

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21
Q

magnesium deficiency can lead to

A

chlorosis

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22
Q

chlorosis is when a

A

plant cannot photosynthesize well and cannot produce enough glucose

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23
Q

magnesium absent results in

A

plant leaves turning yellow

24
Q

plant leaves turning yellow is a sign of

A

magnesium deficiency

25
magnesium ions make
chlorophyll which gives a plant its green colour
26
nitrogen ions are used to make
amino acids and proteins
27
Factors that affect photosynthesis
Temperature, Chlorophyll concentration, CO2 concentration and light intensity
28
Temperature, Chlorophyll concentration, CO2 concentration and light intensity are factors that affect
photosynthesis
29
Increasing temperature increases photosynthesis because
more energy is provided
30
What happens when temperature is above 45C
enzymes become denatured
31
why does rate of photosynthesis plateau when there is abundance of CO2 and light intensity
further CO2 and light intensity does not increase rate of photosynthesis because it is no longer a limiting factor so another factor will increase the rate
32
what is limiting factor in winter
temperature
33
what is limiting factor on a bright sunny day
CO2 concentration
34
what is limiting factor of mineral deficient soil
chlorophyll concentration
35
what is limiting factor at night
light intensity
36
What does graph of rate of photosynthesis against temperature look like
when temperature increases so does rate of photosynthesis. There is an optimum temperature where the enzymes work most efficient. Beyond that threshold around 45C the graph takes a sharp downward turn as enzymes become less efficient as they denature
37
what experiment can be used to test effect of light intensity on rate of photosynthesis
aquatic plant pondweed experiment. Chance the distance of the lamp from the pondweed in intervals of 10 cm and count number of bubbles pondweed produces. light intensity IV bubbles produced DV.
38
what process do plants use to make energy
photosynthesis
39
What does a plant need to photosynthesize
CO2 (from air) and water (from soil)
40
What is needed for photosynthesis
light energy and chlorophyll
41
what are the products of photosynthesis
glucose and oxygen
42
What is the balanced equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O ==> C6H12O6 + 6O2
43
How to test for photosynthesis
use iodine test to show that parts of a plant produce starch via photosynthesis
44
Steps for the test for photosynthesis
place destarched plant in light for an hour Remove one leaf and place in test tube with ethanol and put test tube in beaker with boiling/hot water. This process removes the chlorophyll in the leaf When the leaf looses its green pigment and turns yellow wash in cold water and place i petri dish. Put iodine in drops to see results.
45
What is structure of a leaf
waterproof waxy cuticle covers both upper and low epidermis. Upper epidermis, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll and lower epidermis.
46
When opening the stomata
the guard cells take up lots of water causing them to swell
47
when closing the stomata
the guard cells lose water and return to a limp state
48
leafs are adapted for
efficient gas exchange, efficient sites of photosynthesis, transport and support
49
What is the function of the palisade mesophyll of a leaf
photosynthesis
50
What is the function of the spongy mesophyll of a leaf
To supply CO2 and H2O to the palisade layer
51
What is the function of stomata
To allow gas exchange/CO2 in and O2 out during the day/
52
What is the function of guard cells
To control whether the stomata are open or closed.
53
How are palisade mesophyll cells adapted to their function
Lots of chloroplasts, large vacuole and cylindrical shape allow them to absorb light and store carbohydrates.
54
How are spongy mesophyll cells adapted to their function
Irregular shaped cells have air spaces between them for fluids to diffuse
55
the vascular bundles form
the veins in the stem and leaf
56
what is the vascular bundle for
to support the stem and leaf
57
the vascular bundle contain the
phloem and xylem

IGCSE Biology (15 decks)

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