B5 - Plant nutrition Flashcards
Glucose produced by photosynthesis is mainly used for
respiration
What products can glucose be converted into
Starch, Proteins, Cellulose and Fats and oils
Starch, Proteins, Cellulose and Fats and oils are all converted from
Glucose
starch is
insoluble
starch is stored in
stems, leaves or roots
stems, leaves or roots can store
starch
Proteins are needed for
cell growth and repair
a source of nitrogen is needed for
glucose to convert to proteins
a source of what is needed to convert glucose into protein
nitrogen
plants get nitrogen by
absorbing nitrate ions from the soil
Fats and oils are stored in
seeds
what is stored in seeds
fats and oils
plants need minerals
for growth
plants extract minerals from
the soil
poor quality soil can lead to
ion deficiency in plants
nitrogen is needed for
production and synthesis of proteins
production and synthesis of proteins is done by
nitrogen
nitrogen deficiency causes
stunted growth
stunted growth is a result of
nitrogen deficiency
magnesium is needed for
production of chlorophyll
magnesium deficiency can lead to
chlorosis
chlorosis is when a
plant cannot photosynthesize well and cannot produce enough glucose
magnesium absent results in
plant leaves turning yellow
plant leaves turning yellow is a sign of
magnesium deficiency
magnesium ions make
chlorophyll which gives a plant its green colour
nitrogen ions are used to make
amino acids and proteins
Factors that affect photosynthesis
Temperature, Chlorophyll concentration, CO2 concentration and light intensity
Temperature, Chlorophyll concentration, CO2 concentration and light intensity are factors that affect
photosynthesis
Increasing temperature increases photosynthesis because
more energy is provided
What happens when temperature is above 45C
enzymes become denatured
why does rate of photosynthesis plateau when there is abundance of CO2 and light intensity
further CO2 and light intensity does not increase rate of photosynthesis because it is no longer a limiting factor so another factor will increase the rate
what is limiting factor in winter
temperature
what is limiting factor on a bright sunny day
CO2 concentration
what is limiting factor of mineral deficient soil
chlorophyll concentration
what is limiting factor at night
light intensity
What does graph of rate of photosynthesis against temperature look like
when temperature increases so does rate of photosynthesis. There is an optimum temperature where the enzymes work most efficient. Beyond that threshold around 45C the graph takes a sharp downward turn as enzymes become less efficient as they denature
what experiment can be used to test effect of light intensity on rate of photosynthesis
aquatic plant pondweed experiment. Chance the distance of the lamp from the pondweed in intervals of 10 cm and count number of bubbles pondweed produces. light intensity IV bubbles produced DV.
what process do plants use to make energy
photosynthesis
What does a plant need to photosynthesize
CO2 (from air) and water (from soil)
What is needed for photosynthesis
light energy and chlorophyll
what are the products of photosynthesis
glucose and oxygen
What is the balanced equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O ==> C6H12O6 + 6O2
How to test for photosynthesis
use iodine test to show that parts of a plant produce starch via photosynthesis
Steps for the test for photosynthesis
place destarched plant in light for an hour
Remove one leaf and place in test tube with ethanol and put test tube in beaker with boiling/hot water.
This process removes the chlorophyll in the leaf
When the leaf looses its green pigment and turns yellow
wash in cold water and place i petri dish.
Put iodine in drops to see results.
What is structure of a leaf
waterproof waxy cuticle covers both upper and low epidermis. Upper epidermis, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll and lower epidermis.
When opening the stomata
the guard cells take up lots of water causing them to swell
when closing the stomata
the guard cells lose water and return to a limp state
leafs are adapted for
efficient gas exchange, efficient sites of photosynthesis, transport and support
What is the function of the palisade mesophyll of a leaf
photosynthesis
What is the function of the spongy mesophyll of a leaf
To supply CO2 and H2O to the palisade layer
What is the function of stomata
To allow gas exchange/CO2 in and O2 out during the day/
What is the function of guard cells
To control whether the stomata are open or closed.
How are palisade mesophyll cells adapted to their function
Lots of chloroplasts, large vacuole and cylindrical shape allow them to absorb light and store carbohydrates.
How are spongy mesophyll cells adapted to their function
Irregular shaped cells have air spaces between them for fluids to diffuse
the vascular bundles form
the veins in the stem and leaf
what is the vascular bundle for
to support the stem and leaf
the vascular bundle contain the
phloem and xylem
