B3 - Biological molecules Flashcards
Carbs are made up of elements
Carbon hydrogen oxygen CHO
Carbon hydrogen oxygen CHO are elements of
carbohydrates and lipids
carbs are used for
structural support and a store of energy
structural support and a store of energy are done by
carbohydrates
Protein is made up of elements
Carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen sulphur CHONS
Carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen sulphur CHONS are elements of
protein
Protein is used for
structural support and important roles of chemical reactions in living organisms
structural support and important roles of chemical reactions in living organisms are done by
proteins
Lipids are made up of elements
Carbon hydrogen oxygen CHO
Lipids are
fats and oils
Lipids are used to
make up the cell membrane and also for a store of energy
Proteins are made up of units called
amino acids
amino acids are
units that make up protein
Enzymes and antibodies are
two types of proteins that have active sites and are a specific so the protein functions properly
Proteins can be split into
enzymes and antibodies
lipids are made up of two units called
fatty acids and molecules called glycerol
fatty acids and glycerol are
lipids
What are the 4 major biological macromolecules
proteins lipids carbs and nucleic acids
glucose is a
small carbohydrate
cellulose (substance that gives structure to plant cell wall) is made up of
glucose
starch is
a store of energy in plants
glycogen is
a store of energy in animals
starch and glycogen are both made up of
glucose
Reagants can be used for
presence of various food substances
steps to test for food substances
first step: grind up food
second step: add distilled water to dissolve the food
third step: add the reagant to test for the food
what reagant is used for sugar
benedicts reagant
benedicts reagant is used to test for
sugar
steps to test for sugar and what to see
add benedicts reagant and heat for about two minutes and it will turn green yellow or red depending on the concetration of sugar
solution used to test for proteins
biurets solution
biurets solution is used to test for
proteins
what color will biurets solution turn in presence of protein
mauve or purple
what color does biurets turn when there is no protein
blue
what color is benedicts reagant without sugar
aqua blue
what solution is used to test for starch
iodine solution
what color is iodine in presence of starch
blue/black
what is color of iodine when there is no starch
reddish/orange
what does iodine solution test for
starch
how do you test for lipids
add ethanol and water and shake
how do you know when ethanol is present
white emulsion (cloudy liquid) will form
How to test for vitamin C
add DCPIP solution drop by drop
What color will change when DCPIP is added to substance with vitamin C
blue to clear
water is a
very important solvent in living organisms
water can be used to
transport substances and chemical reactions can take place
blood is
mostly made up of water with many substances (like food particles) dissolved in it to be transported around the body
waste products like excess salt are
dissolved in urine
what substance is dissolved in urine
salt
digestive enzymes like proteins that break large food molecules only work when
dissolved in water
what needs to be dissolved in water to work
digestive enzymes
