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IGCSE Biology > B3 - Biological molecules > Flashcards

B3 - Biological molecules Flashcards

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1
Q

Carbs are made up of elements

A

Carbon hydrogen oxygen CHO

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2
Q

Carbon hydrogen oxygen CHO are elements of

A

carbohydrates and lipids

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3
Q

carbs are used for

A

structural support and a store of energy

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4
Q

structural support and a store of energy are done by

A

carbohydrates

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5
Q

Protein is made up of elements

A

Carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen sulphur CHONS

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6
Q

Carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen sulphur CHONS are elements of

A

protein

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7
Q

Protein is used for

A

structural support and important roles of chemical reactions in living organisms

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8
Q

structural support and important roles of chemical reactions in living organisms are done by

A

proteins

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9
Q

Lipids are made up of elements

A

Carbon hydrogen oxygen CHO

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10
Q

Lipids are

A

fats and oils

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11
Q

Lipids are used to

A

make up the cell membrane and also for a store of energy

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12
Q

Proteins are made up of units called

A

amino acids

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13
Q

amino acids are

A

units that make up protein

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14
Q

Enzymes and antibodies are

A

two types of proteins that have active sites and are a specific so the protein functions properly

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15
Q

Proteins can be split into

A

enzymes and antibodies

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16
Q

lipids are made up of two units called

A

fatty acids and molecules called glycerol

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17
Q

fatty acids and glycerol are

A

lipids

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18
Q

What are the 4 major biological macromolecules

A

proteins lipids carbs and nucleic acids

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19
Q

glucose is a

A

small carbohydrate

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20
Q

cellulose (substance that gives structure to plant cell wall) is made up of

A

glucose

21
Q

starch is

A

a store of energy in plants

22
Q

glycogen is

A

a store of energy in animals

23
Q

starch and glycogen are both made up of

A

glucose

24
Q

Reagants can be used for

A

presence of various food substances

25
Q

steps to test for food substances

A

first step: grind up food
second step: add distilled water to dissolve the food
third step: add the reagant to test for the food

26
Q

what reagant is used for sugar

A

benedicts reagant

27
Q

benedicts reagant is used to test for

A

sugar

28
Q

steps to test for sugar and what to see

A

add benedicts reagant and heat for about two minutes and it will turn green yellow or red depending on the concetration of sugar

29
Q

solution used to test for proteins

A

biurets solution

30
Q

biurets solution is used to test for

A

proteins

31
Q

what color will biurets solution turn in presence of protein

A

mauve or purple

32
Q

what color does biurets turn when there is no protein

A

blue

33
Q

what color is benedicts reagant without sugar

A

aqua blue

34
Q

what solution is used to test for starch

A

iodine solution

35
Q

what color is iodine in presence of starch

A

blue/black

36
Q

what is color of iodine when there is no starch

A

reddish/orange

37
Q

what does iodine solution test for

A

starch

38
Q

how do you test for lipids

A

add ethanol and water and shake

39
Q

how do you know when ethanol is present

A

white emulsion (cloudy liquid) will form

40
Q

How to test for vitamin C

A

add DCPIP solution drop by drop

41
Q

What color will change when DCPIP is added to substance with vitamin C

A

blue to clear

42
Q

water is a

A

very important solvent in living organisms

43
Q

water can be used to

A

transport substances and chemical reactions can take place

44
Q

blood is

A

mostly made up of water with many substances (like food particles) dissolved in it to be transported around the body

45
Q

waste products like excess salt are

A

dissolved in urine

46
Q

what substance is dissolved in urine

A

salt

47
Q

digestive enzymes like proteins that break large food molecules only work when

A

dissolved in water

48
Q

what needs to be dissolved in water to work

A

digestive enzymes

IGCSE Biology (15 decks)

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