B12 - Organisms and their environments

Question 1

sunlight is energy input

Answer 1

for plants

Question 2

The sun is the

Answer 2

main source of energy input in biological systems like food chains and food webs

Question 3

What is grass in a food chain

Answer 3

a producer because grass is a plant and produces its own food from photosynthesis (light energy)

Question 4

What do all food chains start with

Answer 4

a producer

Question 5

A grasshopper is an example of a

Answer 5

primary consumer as it gets its energy from producers

Question 6

What is a consumer

Answer 6

an organisms that eats another organism for energy

Question 7

Why are primary consumers called that

Answer 7

because they are the first to eat other organisms in the food chain (herbivore)

Question 8

What level consumer is a rat

Answer 8

a secondary consumer because they eat primary consumers for energy (carnivore)

Question 9

What level consumer is an owl

Answer 9

a tertiary consumer because it consumers the secondary consumer for energy (also carnivores)

Question 10

Fungi and bacteria are known as

Answer 10

decomposers breaking down dead matter and waste for energy

Question 11

Fungi digest their food by secreting

Answer 11

enzymes

Question 12

food chains show the

Answer 12

feeding relationships and energy flows within a biological community.

Question 13

trophic levels

Answer 13

describe where an organism fits in a food chain

Question 14

A food chain can be defined as

Answer 14

a transfer of energy between organisms by ingestion

Question 15

A food web is an

Answer 15

interconnected network of food chains

Question 16

Plants transfer energy from light into

Answer 16

stored energy inside them

Question 17

Energy transferred from a plant to an animal occurs when

Answer 17

they digest and assimilate plant food to make new substances in their body tissue

Question 18

What is energy and absorbed food molecules used for in an animal

Answer 18

to produce new animal tissue or gametes for reproduction

as a source of energy for respiration

Question 19

why do food chains have fewer than 5 trophic levels

Answer 19

organisms expend energy when looking for food and more energy is lost when looking for more food. Because each trophic level there is significant energy loss to the point where if there was a 5th trophic level that consumer would not get enough energy and nutrients and if they did it would not be efficient

Question 20

What is an ecosystem

Answer 20

a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

Question 21

How is energy lost through trophic levels

Answer 21

heat
movement
respiration