b5.1 Flashcards
allele
is a different version of the same gene
asexual reproduction
requires only one parent
cancer
disease which occurs as the result of cell changes that lead to uncontrolled growth and division
clone
an organism genetically identical to the parent
continuous variation
variation which can take any value between a minimum and a maximum
diploid cells
cells which contain two sets of chromosomes
discontinuous variation
characteristic which falls into distinct groups
dominant allele
version of a gene whose characteristics is always expressed if present in the genotype
environmental variation
variation caused by the environment
fertilisation
joining together of two gametes
gametes
sex cells
genetic cross
technique used to show the possible characteristics of an offspring
genetic variation
variation caused by a organisms genetic material
genome
all the genetic materials present in an organism
genotype
combination of alleles present in an organism
haploid cells
cells which contain one set of chromosomes
heterozygous
organism who has different alleles of a gene
homozygous
organism that has the same two copies of alleles
meiosis
cell division which produces gametes
mutation
change in the sequence of DNA bases
phenotype
characteristics observed in an organism
punnett square
diagram used to show possible genetic makeup of offspring
recessive allele
version of gene whose characteristic is only expressed if two copies are present in the genotype
sexual reproduction
two parents which results in variation
variation
differences within a species
zygote
fertilised egg
