b5.1

Question 1

allele

Answer 1

is a different version of the same gene

Question 2

asexual reproduction

Answer 2

requires only one parent

Question 3

cancer

Answer 3

disease which occurs as the result of cell changes that lead to uncontrolled growth and division

Question 4

clone

Answer 4

an organism genetically identical to the parent

Question 5

continuous variation

Answer 5

variation which can take any value between a minimum and a maximum

Question 6

diploid cells

Answer 6

cells which contain two sets of chromosomes

Question 7

discontinuous variation

Answer 7

characteristic which falls into distinct groups

Question 8

dominant allele

Answer 8

version of a gene whose characteristics is always expressed if present in the genotype

Question 9

environmental variation

Answer 9

variation caused by the environment

Question 10

fertilisation

Answer 10

joining together of two gametes

Question 11

gametes

Answer 11

sex cells

Question 12

genetic cross

Answer 12

technique used to show the possible characteristics of an offspring

Question 13

genetic variation

Answer 13

variation caused by a organisms genetic material

Question 14

genome

Answer 14

all the genetic materials present in an organism

Question 15

genotype

Answer 15

combination of alleles present in an organism

Question 16

haploid cells

Answer 16

cells which contain one set of chromosomes

Question 17

heterozygous

Answer 17

organism who has different alleles of a gene

Question 18

homozygous

Answer 18

organism that has the same two copies of alleles

Question 19

meiosis

Answer 19

cell division which produces gametes

Question 20

mutation

Answer 20

change in the sequence of DNA bases

Question 21

phenotype

Answer 21

characteristics observed in an organism

Question 22

punnett square

Answer 22

diagram used to show possible genetic makeup of offspring

Question 23

recessive allele

Answer 23

version of gene whose characteristic is only expressed if two copies are present in the genotype

Question 24

sexual reproduction

Answer 24

two parents which results in variation

Question 25

variation

Answer 25

differences within a species

Question 26

zygote

Answer 26

fertilised egg