B5-Communicable Diseases

Question 1

What are the two different types of diseases?

Answer 1

Communicable and non-communicable diseases.

Question 2

How 3 things which can causes you to have a disease?

Answer 2

Diet,stress and life situation.

Question 3

How can pathogens spread?

Answer 3

Pathogens can spread through water, air or direct contacts.

Question 4

How can pathogens enter your body?

Answer 4

Pathogen can enter through the body through the air, by direct contact or through contaminated water and food.

Question 5

What makes up your immune system?

Answer 5

The cilia, tears, mucus, stomach acid, urine, scabs and the skin.

Question 6

What are the many forms a pathogen may be?

Answer 6

Bacteria, viruses, protists or fungi.

Question 7

What is the difference between bacteria and viruses?

Answer 7

Bacteria are single celled living organisms that are smaller than plant and animal cell. Viruses are even smaller than bacteria.

Question 8

How do pathogen cause disease?

Answer 8

Bacteria divides rapidly by dividing into two. They can cause toxins. They also can directly damage the cells.
Viruses take over cells in your body. They the live and reproduce inside of that cell.

Question 9

What are communicable disease?

Answer 9

Disease that can be spread between organisms

Question 10

What is a pathogen?

Answer 10

Disease-causing microorganisms.

Question 11

What is a toxin

Answer 11

Harmful chemical produced by a microorganism.

Question 12

What is a protist?

Answer 12

An example of a microorganism?

Question 13

State 3 positive effects of using bacteria?

Answer 13

Bacteria are used in making food, an important decomposer and is used in making medicine.

Question 14

What is the droplet infection?

Answer 14

It is when droplets of that contain pathogen are release into the air through coughing, sneezing or talking.

Question 15

Who helped develop modern understand of pathogens?

Answer 15

Ignaz Semmelweis, Louis Pasteur and Joseph Lister.

Question 16

What did Ignaz Semmelweis find out?

Answer 16

He saw his students went straight from dissecting a dead body to delivering a baby. He thought this cause the high amount of women that died of childbed fever so he told this students to wash their hand. This decreased the amount of deaths.

Question 17

Other discoveries.

Answer 17

• Louis Pasteur showed that microorganisms caused disease. He developed vaccines.
• Jospeh Lister used chemicals to destroy pathogens
• Microscopes helped show that pathogen were really real.

Question 18

What are the main ways of preventing communicable diseases?

Answer 18

Hygiene
Isolating infected individuals
Destroying and controlling vectors
Vaccination

Question 19

Measles
What are the symptoms?
How is It spread?

Answer 19

Symptoms:fever skin rash
Spread:Inhalation of droplets from coughs and sneezing.

Question 20

HIV
What are the symptoms?
How is It spread?

Answer 20

Symptoms:Mid flu-like illness
Spread:Spread by direct sexual contacts

Question 21

TMV
What are the symptoms?
How is It spread?

Answer 21

Symptoms:Causes a distinctive ‘mosaic’ pattern and discolouration of the leaves
Spread:Contact of disease plant material and healthy plant.

Question 22

Salmonella

• What is it?
• What are the symptoms?
• How is it controlled?

Answer 22

Salmonella is a bacteria
Salmonella disrupts the balance of gut bacteria. Can cause salmonella food poisoning.
It is controlled by the vaccination of poultry.

Question 23

Gonorrhoea

• What is it?
• What are the symptoms?
• How is it controlled?

Answer 23

It is a sexually transmitted disease
The symptoms are thick yellow or green discharge from the vagina or pain.
It can be treated with antibiotics.
-You can stop by using barrier methods of contraception such as a condom

Question 24

Rose Black Spot

• What are the symptoms?
• How does it spread?
• How is treated?

Answer 24

It causes purple or black spots to develop on the leaves
It is spread through the spores of the fungus which is carried by the wind.
It is treated by removing and burning the leaves that are affected.

Question 25

Malaria

• What are the symptoms?
• How can it be controlled?

Answer 25

Symptoms:Cause fever and shaking when the protists burst out of the blood cells.
It can be controlled by using insecticide nets, using insecticide to kill mosquitos and take antimalarial drugs .

Question 26

Why is isolating infected individuals good?

Answer 26

It means less people will be in contact with heathy people.

Question 27

Is HIV a bacteria, fungus or virus?

Answer 27

HIV is a virus.

Question 28

Is gonorrhoea a virus, bacteria or fungus

Answer 28

Gonorrhoea is a bacteria

Question 29

Is Rose black spot a virus,bacteria or a fungus

Answer 29

Rose black spots is a fungus

Question 30

Name 2 ways you can reduce the spread of malaria

Answer 30

Sleeping under a net

Wearing insect repellent

Question 31

What is engulfing?

Answer 31

Engulfing is when the white blood cell “engulfs” the pathogen, digesting it causing it to die.

Question 32

How does releasing antibodies help stop pathogen?

Answer 32

The antibodies neutralise the antigens, weakening the pathogen, allowing it to be engulfed.

Question 33

What does white blood cells do against toxins?

Answer 33

White blood cells produce antitoxins which neutralise the toxin, allowing other white blood cells to engulf the pathogen.