B4f: Plants need minerals Flashcards

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1
Q

What minerals do plants need and why(4)

A

nitrates - for proteins which are needed for cell growth

phosphates - for respiration and growth

potassium compounds - for respiration and photosynthesis

magnesium compounds - for photosynthesis.

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2
Q

What elements are obtained from soil minerals and what compounds do they produce?(4)

A

nitrogen from nitrates to make amino acids

phosphorus from phosphates to make DNA and cell membranes

potassium from potassium compounds to help enzymes in photosynthesis and respiration to produce more food and energy

magnesium from magnesium compounds to make chlorophyll for photosynthesis

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3
Q

What can a deficiency of nitrates lead to

A

poor plant growth; yellow leaves

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4
Q

What can a deficiency of phosphate lead to

A

poor root growth; discoloured leaves

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5
Q

What can a deficiency of potassium lead to

A

poor flower and fruit growth; discoloured leaves

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6
Q

What can a deficiency of magnesium lead to

A

yellow leaves

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7
Q

What is the problem with absorbing minerals via osmosis/diffusion

A

minerals are usually present in soil in quite low concentrations - very slow

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8
Q

Describe active transport (3)

A

process that can move substances (minerals) across cell membranes from low (soil) to high concentrations (root hair cell), against concentration gradient across a cell membrane

requires energy from respiration in form of ATP

carried out by carrier proteins in the cell membrane

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