B2h - sustainability Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain reasons for conservation programmes(4)

A

protecting human food supply

ensuring minimal damage to food chains, which may be hard to predict

protecting plants and animals that might be useful for medical use

cultural aspects

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2
Q

Explain reasons for endangered species becoming extinct (3)

A

if number of individuals falls below critical level, it will be harder to find mates, and resulting in less genetic variation
-less likely to be able to adapt to changes in environment or survive appearance of a new disease

number of suitable habitats falls below critical level makes it hard to find resources like food and shelter

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3
Q

What factors should be considered when evaluating a conservation programme(8)

A

genetic variation of key species
-enough to survive appearance of new diseases and to cope with change in environment

viability of population

  • must have both males and females of reproductive age
  • large enough population to prevent inbreeding which reduces genetic variation

plenty of suitable habitats to live in

interaction between species
-like they would in their natural environment(e.g. predators hunting prey)

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4
Q

What commercial values do whales have(1+3)

A

When alive: tourist attraction

When dead: food, oil and cosmetics

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5
Q

Arguments for and against keeping whales in captivity(1+3)

A
For:
-captive breeding programmes allow whales to be bred in numbers and released back into wild
Against:
  -used for entertainment
  -used for research
  -lack of freedom
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6
Q

Why are whales in captivity used for research? (2)

A

to help us understand their needs better to help conservation

some aspects of whale biology still not fully understood: communication, migration patterns, survival at extreme depths

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7
Q

Describe issues concerning whaling(2)

A

difficult to obtain and police and enforce international whaling agreements

some countries are permitted to do it for research

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8
Q

Explain the term sustainable development

A

providing for the needs of today’s increasing population without harming the environment

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9
Q

How can fish stocks and woodland be sustained and developed? (3)

A

quotas ­- fishing limits to prevent overfishing

re­planting woodland to keep up the supply of trees

education - to avoid overuse and increase recycling; increase awareness

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10
Q

What must we do to maintain sustainable development(3)

A

protect population size of many species and prevent species from becoming endangered

produce and sue food and energy efficiently

manage waste production carefully to minimise pollution

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11
Q

What does sustainability require

A

planning and co­operation at local, national and international levels

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12
Q

Describe how sustainable development may protect endangered species

A

it helps endangered species by considering the impact on their habitats

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