B3c - respiration Flashcards
Why is respiration important
Respiration produces ATP, which is used as the energy source for many processes in cells
What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
How can you measure the rate of respiration(3)
Measuring how quickly oxygen is used up
Measuring the rate at which carbon dioxide is produced
The higher the rate the faster the rate of respiration
What is the formula for the respiratory quotient
= carbon dioxide produced ÷ oxygen used
How can the metabolic rate be estimated(2)
By the rate of oxygen consumption
-since aerobic respiration requires oxygen
Why is the rate of respiration influenced by
changes in temperature and pH
Respiration is controlled by enzymes, which are affected by changes in temperature and pH
Why does anaerobic respiration take place during
hard exercise in addition to aerobic respiration(2)
Muscles do not receive sufficient oxygen for aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration
Glucose → lactic acid (+energy)
Describe the main disadvantages of anaerobic respiration compared to aerobic respiration(2)
Produces lactic acid which accumulates in muscles causing pain and fatigue
Releases much less energy per glucose molecule than aerobic respiration
Explain fatigue(2)
Hard exercise causes lack of oxygen in cells. forcing the use of anaerobic respiration
The incomplete breakdown of glucose in anaerobic respiration resulting in the build up of lactic acid(oxygen debt)
How is oxygen debt removed during recovery(3)
High heart rate ensures rapid blood flow which allows blood to carry lactic acid away to the liver
High breathing rate replaces oxygen so aerobic respiration can be used
-also enables liver to break down the lactic acid
