B1b - human health and diet Flashcards
What are carbohydrates made up of?
simple sugars and glucose
What are fats made up of?
fatty acids and glycerol
What are proteins made up of?
amino acids
Where are carbohydrates stored
in liver as glycogen or converted to fats
Where are fats stored?
under skin and around organs as adipose tissue
Where are proteins and everything else stored
not stored
How do balanced diets vary? (6)
depending on:
age - teens need protein, old need calcium
gender - females need iron to replace iron lost in menstrual blood
activity - active people need protein for muscle development and carbs
religion
personal choice (veg)
medical issues (allergies)
Why are diets in many parts of the world deficient in protein? (2)
overpopulation
limited investment in agricultural techniques
EAR formula
EAR in g = 0.6 * body mass in kg
What is EAR
estimated daily figure for an average person of a certain body mass
Deficiency disease for protein
kwashiorkor
What does EAR vary depending on? (3)
age - teens need more protein since they are still growing
pregnancy - more protein to help baby grow
lactation - more protein to produce milk
BMI formula
BMI = mass in kg/(height in m)2
BMI guide (4)
Psychological causes for poor diets and impact (2)
low self-esteem, poor self-image, desire for perfection, disorders (anorexia/bulimia nervosa) lead to poor diet/undernutrition
causes other illnesses (liver failure, kidney failure, heart attacks, muscle wastage, low blood pressure, mineral deficiencies)
