B2a - classification Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

How are organisms classified(7)

A

Kingdom,phylum,class,order,family,genus,species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Whyisitdifficulttoplaceorganismsintodistinctgroups

A

thevarietyoflifeisacontinuousspectrumwhichmakesitdifficulttoplaceorganismsintodistinctgroups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Explaintheimportanceofclassificationofspecies

A

makesiteasiertoidentifyevolutionaryandecologicalrelationshipsbetweenanimalsandspecies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the systemsofclassifyingorganisms(6)

A

Natural
-basedonevolutionarylinks
-organismswith commonancestrygroupedtogether

Artificial

  • basedonvisiblefeatures
  • makes agroupoforganismseasiertoidentif
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

WhathastheuseofDNAsequencinginformationledto?(2)

A

biologistsrealisedthatsomeorganismsaremorecloselyrelatedthanoriginallythought

leads to reclassification of some organisms toformmoreaccuratelinksbetweenorganisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Whydosystemsofclassificationchangeovertime(2)

A

toformmoreaccuratelinksbetweenorganismsasbiologistslearnmoreaboutorganisms(e.g. theirgeneticsandthesequence oftheirDNAbases)
-throughwhichwerealisethatsomeorganismsaremorecloselyrelatedthanoriginallythought

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Howcanevolutionaryrelationshipsbetweenorganismsbedisplayed

A

usingevolutionarytrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Howcantheevolutionaryrelationshipsoforganismsinagroupbemodelled(3)

A

byanalysingmultiplecharacteristicsandlookingforsimilaritiesanddifferences

the more characteristics analysed, the more accurate the evolutionary tree model becomes

ICT has facilitated analysing multiple characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define the term species

A

agroupoforganismswhicharecapableofinterbreedingtoproducefertileoffspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describethebinomialsystemofnamingspecies(4)

A

eachspeciesisknownbya2 ­partname

  • firstnameisthegenus
  • 2ndnameidentifiesa singlespecies

itistheinternationalbasisofnamingspeciesandpreventsconfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Explainsomeoftheproblemsofclassifyingorganismsintospecies(8)

A

Hybrids

  • when members of two species interbreed
  • are infertile, so cannot be classed as a species

Organismsthatonlyreproduceasexually(e.g. bacteria)

  • do not interbreed - does not fit the definition of a species
  • biologists classifythemasdiffspecies,basedoncharacteristics

Evolutionisacontinuousprocess
-organismsareslowlychangingandcaneventuallybecomenewspecies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe closely related species(2)

A

Shares arelativelyrecentcommonancestor

may have different features if they live in different types of habitats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Howcansimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenspeciesbeexplained(2)

A

Ecological relationships
-e.g. similarities between different organisms that live in the same habitat

Evolutionary relationships
-e.g. relations between animals that live in different habitats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly