Axial Skeleton (Cranial Bones) Flashcards
total bones in human body
206
axial skeleton components
- 80 bones
- skull, hyoid bone, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, auditory ossicles
appendicular skeleton components
- 126 bones
- upper and lower limbs, pelvic and pectoral girdles
divisions of skeleton
axial and appendicular skeletons
what is a girlde?
connections between axial and appendicular skeletons
ridges
points of attachment for muscle onto bone
projections
attachments points for muscles and ligaments crossing a joint (process, tuberosity, tubercle)
condyle
smooth rounded surface
Facet
small flattened articular surface
skull bones
- 22 bones, 6 auditory ossicles, 1 hyoid
Two portions
1. CRANIAL BONES
- 2 parietal, 2 temporal
- 1 frontal, 1 occipital
- 1 sphenoid, 1 ethmoid
2. FACIAL BONES
- 2 maxilla, 2 zygomatic, 2 palatine, 2 lacrimal, 2 nasal, 2 inferior nasal conchae
- 1 vomer, 1 mandible
where does mandible form a joint
temporal bone
frontal bone location
- forehead
- roof of orbit (eye socket)
- anterior cranial floor
- SUPRAORBITAL MARGIN (top of eye socket)
parietal bone location
L and R
sides and roof of cranial cavity
occipital bone
EXTERNAL OCCIPITAL PROTUBERANCE (bump on back of skull, 2 ligaments keep head upright)
FORAMEN MAGNUM (spinal cord to brainstenm)
OCCIPITAL CONDILES
(articulate with C1, nodding movement, lateral head tilt)
temporal bone
inferior lateral and floor of cranial cavity
- MASTOID PROCESS (behind ears, neck muscle attachment)
- STYLOID PROCESS (looks like pencil, tongue and neck muscles)
- EXTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL
- ZYGOMATIC PROCESS (cheekbone)
- JUGULAR FOAMEN (veins leaving brain)
- CAROTID FORAMEN (arteries enter brain)
Sphenoid bone
butterfly bone
lateral skull and cranial floor
articulates with all other cranial bones
ethmoid bone
- cribriform plate
- perpendicualr plate
- middle and superior nasal conchae
nasal bone
2 bones
- bridge of nose
lacrimal bone
in eye
ascociated with lacrimal apparatus
zygomatic bones
cheeks
zygomatic arch
zygomatic process of temporal bone and temporal process of zygomatic bone
confusing, i know
maxilla
- L and R
- upper jaw, hard pallate (roof of mouth)
- ALVEOLAR PROCESSES
- PALATINE PROCESSES (roof of mouth)
mandible
- articulates with temporal bone @ MANDIBULAR FOSSA
- ALVEOLAR PROCESSES
only unpaired facial bones
vomer and mandible
palentine bone
posterior roof of mouth, moves up sides of nasal cavity
inferior nasal concha
help create airflow and move orderants
vomer
inferior and posterior region of nasal septum
alveolar processes
spaces so teeth can fit into bones
bones of the orbit
- frontal
- sphenoid
- zygomatic
- maxilla
- palatine
- lacrimal
- ethmoid
hyoid
floating bone
attachment point for tongue + neck muscles (elevate larynx during speech and swallowing)
bones that make up hard pallate
maxilla and palatine
structures that take blood in and out of skull and the bone they are a part of
OUT: jugular foramen
IN: cartoid foramen
temporal bone