Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards
2 bones of pectoral girdle
scapula
clavicle
how does pectoral girdle connect to axial skeleton
sternoclavicular joint
(between sternum and clavicle)
what gives upper limb so much range of motion?
only one joint (sternoclavicular) connecting to axial skeleton. the rest is held in place by ligaments
joint between clavicle and scapula
acromioclavicular joint
joint that attaches upper limb to pectoral girdle
glenohumeral joint
(humerus + scapula)
arm bone
humerus
anatomical vs surgical neck of humerus
anatomical closer to glenohumeral joint
surgical below head, where surgeries are done to replace joint
bony features at end of humerus
GREATER TUBERCLE (lateral)
LESSER TUBERCLE (anterior)
inbetween them: INTERTUBERCUAR SULCUS
- space for biceps tendon
bony features of distal humerus
- LATERAL + MEDIAL EPICONDYLE
- CAPITULUM (lateral) makes joint with RADIUS
- TROCHLEA (medial) makes joint with ulna
- CORONOID PROCESS (anterior) on ulna fits into CORONOID FOSSA when arm flexed
- OLECRANON FOSSA (posterior) fits olecranon on ulna
locations of head of radius vs ulna
head of ulna distal
head of radius proximal
wrist bones
8 carpals
2 rows, 4 bones each
- schapoid
- lunate
- triquetrum
- pisiform
- trapezium
- trapezoid
- capitate
- hamate
names of bone shafts in fingres
phalanx
mnemonic to remember carpals (lateral to medial)
stop letting those people touch the cadaver’s hand
acetabulum
where ilium, ischium and pubis meet to form a fossa
where lower limb articulates with pelvic gurdle
obturator foramen
hole in ischium for obturator nerve
bony features of head of femur
GREATER TROCHANTER
LESSER TROCHANTER
bony features of distal femur
MEDIAL AND LATERAL
CONDYLES (articular surfaces) + EPICONDYLES (knee ligament attachment points)
triangular sesmoid bone
embedded in a tendon
e.g. patella
features of tibia and fibula
tibia proximal
- MEDIAL AND LATERAL CONDYLES
- TIBIAL TUBEROSITY
distal
- MEDIAL MALLEOLUS (tibia)
- LATERAL MALLEOLUS (fibula)
metacarpals numbered vs metatarsals numbered
carpals: laterally to medially
tarsals: medially to laterally
tarsals
7
name tarsals
calcaneus
navicular
third (lateral) cuneiform
second (intermediate) cuneiform
first (medial) cuneiform
hallux
big toe!
fibula structure that forms what we commonly call the “ankle bone”
lateral malleolus
capitulum articulates with
head of radius
