Autonomics Flashcards by Kenneth Junel Idio

Blocks ACh synthesis(choline acetyltransferase)

Hemicholium

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Blocks storge of ACh

Vesamicol

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Alter synaptobrevins to prevent release of Ach

Botulinum

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Indirect acting cholinomimetics

Neostigmine, carbamates, organophosphates

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Direct acting cholinomimetics include:

Betanechol, pilocarpine, nicotine

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For bowel and bladder atony

Bethanechol( BBB)

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Glaucoma, sjogren syndrome, sicca syndrome

Pilocarpine

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Activates M3 receptors in ciliary muscles and salivary glands

Pilocarpine

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Xerostomia, xerophthalmia, rheumatoid arthritis

Sjogren syndrome

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Activates nicotinic Ach receptors

Nicotine/ varenicline

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Used for smoking cessation

Varenecline

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Mushroom poisoning

Inocybe and amanita muscaria

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Indirect acting cholinomimetics

edrophonium, neostigmine, rivastigmine

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Diagnosis of MG(Tensilon Test), cholinergic crisis vs myasthenic crisis

Endrophonium

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Managment of MG, oglilvie syndrome, glaucoma

Neostigmine

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Muscarinic effects of neostigmine is blocked by this drug

Atropine

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Indirect acting cholinomimetic used for alzheimer’s

Rivastigmine

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Signs and symptoms of organophosphate poisoning

DUMBBELS- diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation, lacrimation, sweating, salivation

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Competitively blocks all muscarinic receptors

Atropine

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Antidote for organophosphate poisoning, bradycardia, hypersalivation, mydriatic, cyclopegic

Atropine

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Binds phophorus of organophosphate, breaks organophosphate bond with cholinesterase

Pralidoxime

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Cholinoreceptor blockers

Atropine, benztropine,ipratropium, scopolamine

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Competitevely blocks all muscarinic receptors , restores neurotransmittet balance in the basal ganglia

Benzotripine/ biperiden

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Cholinergic antagonist used for parkinson’s disease

Benztropine/ parkinson’s disease

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Muscarinic antagonists for parkinsonism

Try to park your benz, bip here ( muscarinic antagonist for parkinsonism)

Asthma, copd

Ipratropium

Competitively blocks all muscarinic receptors, antagonizes histamine and serotonin

Scoplamine

Used in motion sickness

Scopolamine

S/sx of atropine toxicity

Hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, blind as a bat,mad as a hatter

Ganglion blocker used for hypertension

Hexamethonium

Only depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

Succinylcholine (kapag nakapag deposit ka, success yun)

Inhibits hydroxylation of tyrosine to dopa

Metyrosine

Inhibits vesicular transport of norepinephrine and dopamine

Reserpine

Increases stores of NE and dopamine

MAOI

Inhibits release of NE and dopa

Guanethidine

Promotes release of NE and dopa

Amphetamines and tyramine

Inhibits termination of NE and dopa

Cocoaine and TCAs

Activates a1,b1 and b2

Epi/NE

Sympathomimetics:

Epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine

Activates a1,b1, and d1

Dopamine

Dose of dopamine that causes vasodilation in the splanchnic and renal vascular beds

1-5 mcg/kg/min

Dose of dopamine that increases renal blood flow , heart rat, cardiac contractility and b1 receptors

5-15 mcg/kg/min

Vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure

>15 mcg/kg/min

Non selective activator of B adrenergic receptors used for asthma

Isoprotetenol

Selective alpha1 agonist

Phenlyephrine, pseudoephedrine

Selective alpha2 agonist

Clonidine, methyldopa, apraclonidine

Selective Beta1 agonist

Dobutamine

Selective B2 agonist

Albuterol/salbutamol

Used in preeclampsia

Methyldopa

A2 selective agent in glaucoma

Apraclonidine

Used in cardiac stress testing

Dobutamine

Drug of choice for acute asthma attack

Albuterol/salbutamol

Nonselective alpha blockers:

Phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine

Used for pheochromocytoma

Phenoxybenzamine

Irreversible blocks a adrenergic receptors

Phenoxybenzamine

Reversibly blocks a adrenergic receptors

Phentolamine

Management for a1 agonist overdose and rebound hypertension

Phentolamine

Selective a1 blockers

Prazosin, tamsulosin, terazosin

Selectively blocks a1 adrenergic receptors- used for benign prostatic hyperplasia

Prazosin,tamsulosin

Beta nonselective sympathomimetic

Isoproterenol

Nonselective beta blocker

Propanolol

Selective b blocker(b1)

Atenolol

Blocks b1 and b2 receptors, blocks sympathetic effects on heart and BP, reduces renin releaae

Propanolol

Used for performance anxiety

Propanolol

Drugs with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity

Acebutolol, pindolol

Nonselective beta blocker with the longest half life

Nadolol

Selective b1 blocker

Atenolol

Flow of aqueous humor

Ciliary body, posterior chamber, anterior chamber angle pupil anterior chamber, trabecular meshwork canal of shlemm uveoscleral veins

Increases outflow through canal of schlemm

Latanoprost

Increased outflow via uveosacral veins

Epinephrine

Ciliary muscle contraction, opening of trabecular meshwork, increased outflow

Pilocarpine, physostigmine