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Physio (self) > Autonomic Effects on Various Organs of the Body > Flashcards

Autonomic Effects on Various Organs of the Body Flashcards

1
Q

Stomach: Motility and Tone - Receptor Type

A

α2, β2

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2
Q

Stomach: Motility and Tone - Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Decrease (usually) +

It has been proposed that adrenergic fibers terminate at
* inhibitory β receptors on smooth muscle fibers
* inhibitory α receptors on parasympathetic cholinergic (excitatory) ganglion cells of the Auerbach plexus.

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3
Q

Stomach: Motility and Tone - Cholinergic Impulse/Response

A

Increase +++

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4
Q

Stomach: Pyloric Spinchters - Receptor Type

A

α1

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5
Q

Stomach: Pyloric Spinchters - α1 Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Contraction (usually) +

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6
Q

Stomach: Spinchters - α1 Cholinergic Impulse/Response

A

Relaxation (usually) +

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7
Q

Stomach: Secretion - Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Inhibition (?)

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8
Q

Stomach: Secretion - Cholinergic Impulse/Response

A

Stimulation +++

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9
Q

Intestine: Motility and Tone - Receptor Type

A

α2, β2

It has been proposed that adrenergic fibers terminate at
* inhibitory β receptors on smooth muscle fibers
* inhibitory α receptors on parasympathetic cholinergic (excitatory) ganglion cells of the Auerbach plexus.

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10
Q

Intestine: Motility and Tone - Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Decrease (usually) +

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11
Q

Intestine: Motility and Tone - Cholinergic Impulse/Response

A

Increase +++

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12
Q

Intestine: Spinchters - Receptor Type

A

α

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13
Q

Intestine: Spinchters - α Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Contraction (usually) +

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14
Q

Intestine: Spinchters - α Cholinergic Impulse/Response

A

Relaxation (usually) +

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15
Q

Intestine: Secretion - Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Inhibition (?)

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16
Q

Intestine: Secretion - Cholinergic Impulse/Response

A

Stimulation +++

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17
Q

Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Relaxation +

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18
Q

Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - Cholinergic Impulse/Response

A

Contraction +

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19
Q

Liver: Receptor Type

A

α, β2

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20
Q

Liver: Adrenergic Impulse/Response β2

A

Glycogenolysis (Catabolic), gluconeogenesis (Anabolic) +++ : Glucose Released

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21
Q

Liver: Cholinergic Impulse/Response

A

Glycogen synthesis (Anabolic) +

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22
Q

Pancreas: Acini - Receptor Type

A

α2

Acini : Important for release of digestive juices

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23
Q

Pancreas: Acini - α2 Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Decreased secretion +

Acini : Important for release of digestive juices

SNS wants the catabolic pathways stimulated by the glucagon for energy source

Stimulate release of **glucagon from α cells **
Inhibit release of insulin from β cells

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24
Q

Pancreas: Acini - α2 Cholinergic Impulse/Response

A

Secretion +

Acini : Important for release of digestive juices

SNS wants the catabolic pathways stimulated by the glucagon for energy source

Stimulate release of **glucagon from α cells **
Inhibit release of insulin from β cells

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25
Q

Pancreas: Islets (beta cells) - Receptor Type

A

α, β2

SNS wants the catabolic pathways stimulated by the glucagon for energy source

Stimulate release of **glucagon from α cells **
Inhibit release of insulin from β cells

26
Q

Pancreas: Islets (beta cells) - α Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Decreased secretion ++

SNS wants the catabolic pathways stimulated by the glucagon for energy source

Stimulate release of **glucagon from α cells **
Inhibit release of insulin from β cells

27
Q

Pancreas: Islets (beta cells) - β2 Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Increased secretion +

SNS wants the catabolic pathways stimulated by the glucagon for energy source

Stimulate release of **glucagon from α cells **
Inhibit release of insulin from β cells

28
Q

Pancreas: Fat cells - Receptor Type

A

α, β1

SNS wants the catabolic pathways stimulated by the glucagon for energy source

Stimulate release of **glucagon from α cells **
Inhibit release of insulin from β cells

29
Q

Pancreas: Fat cells - Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Lipolysis +++

SNS wants the catabolic pathways stimulated by the glucagon for energy source

Stimulate release of **glucagon from α cells **
Inhibit release of insulin from β cells

30
Q

Pancreas: Salivary glands - α Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

K+ and water secretion +

31
Q

Pancreas: Salivary glands - α Cholinergic Impulse/Response

A

K+ and water secretion +++

32
Q

Pancreas: Salivary glands - β Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Amylase secretion +

33
Q

Pancreas: Lacrimal glands - Cholinergic Impulse/Response

A

Secretion ++

34
Q

Pancreas: Nasopharyngeal glands - Cholinergic Impulse/Response

A

Secretion ++

35
Q

Pancreas: Pineal gland - β Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Melatonin synthesis

36
Q

Arterioles: Salivary Gland - Receptor Type

A

α

37
Q

Arterioles: Salivary Gland - α1 Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Constriction +++

Blood vessels: constriction → ↓water and gland electrolytes to be mixed with the saliva

38
Q

Arterioles: Salivary Gland - α Adrenergic Impulse/Response

A

Dilation ++

39
Q

Glands: Effect of Sympathetic Stimulation : β2

Nasal
Lacrimal
Parotid
Submandibular
Gastric
Pancreatic

A

Vasoconstriction and slight secretion

SNS (B2): NE/VasoCONSTRICTION

Producton of THICKER SALIVA

Contains β2 adrenergic receptors
o Switches salivary secretions into making
*Decrease water and electrolyte-rich saliva
*Increase mucin proteins
*Increase different salivary enzymes
*End result: thicker saliva

Blood vessels going to the salivary glands contain α1 adrenergic receptors → constricts blood vessels → ↓blood flow → ↓water and electrolytes to be mixed with the saliva

40
Q

Glands: Effect of Parasympathetic Stimulation : M3

Nasal
Lacrimal
Parotid
Submandibular
Gastric
Pancreatic

A

Stimulation of copious secretion (containing many enzymes for enzyme-secreting glands)

PNS (M3) : ACh/VasoDILATION

41
Q

Gut: Lumen - Effect of Sympathetic Stimulation

A

Decreased peristalsis and tone

42
Q

Gut: Lumen - Effect of Parasympathetic Stimulation

A

Increased peristalsis and tone

43
Q

Gut: Sphincter - Effect of Sympathetic Stimulation

A

Increased tone (most times)

44
Q

Gut: Sphincter - Effect of Parasympathetic Stimulation

A

Relaxed (most times)

45
Q

Blood: Glucose - Effect of Sympathetic Stimulation

A

Increased

46
Q

Blood: Glucose - Effect of Parasympathetic Stimulation

A

No Effect

47
Q

Basal metabolism - Effect of Sympathetic Stimulation

A

Increased up to 100%

48
Q

Basal metabolism - Effect of Parasympathetic Stimulation

A

No Effect

49
Q

GI Tract - SNS β2 (Smooth Muscle)

A

Relaxation of Smooth Muscle

50
Q

GI Tract - SNS α1 (Smooth Muscle)

A

Constriction

51
Q

Adipose tissues: SNS Response β3

A

Stimulates lipolysis

Breakdown lipids for energy source

52
Q

Gastric Glands:Parietal Cells- PNS M1

A

Increase Secretion

53
Q

Exocrine Glands: PNS M3

Lacrimal gland
salivary glands,
sweat glands,
pancreatic acini,
gastric glands

A

Increase Secretion

54
Q

GI tract (smooth muscles): PNS M3

A

Increase peristalsis (Contraction) , segmentation, HCl secretion, pepsinogen and intestinal secretion.

PNS: M3 / Always wet/contracts/constricts

55
Q

Internal anal sphincter: PNS M3

A

Increase contraction: Defacation

56
Q

Blood Flow to the GIT : SNS α1

A

Vasoconstriction
Increase Ca++

57
Q

Stimulates PLC → ↑DAG, IP3 → activates PKC, ↑↑Ca2+ → phosphorylate different proteins and enzymes

A

α1/Gq

58
Q

Inhibits adenylyl cyclase → ↓cAMP → inhibits PKA → inhibits phosphorylation
↑K+ channel permeability → ↑K+ efflux → cell hyperpolarization

A

α2/Gi

59
Q

Activates adenylyl cyclase → ↑cAMP → stimulates PKA → stimulates phosphorylation

A

β1/2/3 :Gs

60
Q

Sympathetic Receptor/s for Smooth Muscles

A

α1 and β2

61
Q

Sympathetic Receptor/s for Kidney and Heart

A

β1

62
Q

Sympathetic Receptor/s for Adipose and Bladder

A

β3

Physio (self) (17 decks)

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