auditory function and balance Flashcards

anatomy: summarise the anatomy of the ear, cochlea and labyrinth

1
Q

diagram of ear

A
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2
Q

diagram of external ear canal, middle ear, cochlea and labyrinth

A
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3
Q

diagram of anatomy of labyrinth

A
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4
Q

superior projection of right bony labyrinth on base of skull: diagram and angles of canals

A

as stimulus is movement, important to have correct orientation; anterior canal 45 degrees forward, posterior canal 45 degrees back, lateral canal 30 degrees (in between)

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5
Q

2 components of outer ear

A

pinna (auricle) and external acoustic meatus (external auditory meatus/auditory canal)

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6
Q

function of outer ear

A

collects and conduct sound waves towards tympanic membrane

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7
Q

location of middle ear

A

air-filled chamber in bone, lying between tympanic membrane laterally and oval and round windows medially

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8
Q

2 components of inner ear

A

cochlea and organs of balance; inner ear in petrous part of temporal bone (well protected); ampulla on one end of canal, not on other end

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9
Q

function of inner ear

A

hair cells transduce mechanical energy of sound into electrical signal in cochlear nerve

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10
Q

diagram of auditory pathway

A
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11
Q

diagram of middle ear

A
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12
Q

anatomical features of cochlear

A

hollow tube in bone, curled into spiral; divided longitudinally into 3 compartments, separated by 2 membranes; cochlear hair cells attached to basillar membrane

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13
Q

2 membranes of cochlear which vibrate with sound waves

A

vestibular (Reissner’s) and basillar membranes

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14
Q

diagram of cochlea

A
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15
Q

anatomical features of organ of corti

A

hair cells surrounded by support cells; tectorial membrane; spiral ganglion embedded in modiolus; stria vascularis secretes endolymph (high in K+ and low in Na+)

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16
Q

feature of tectorial membrane

A

gelatinous so doesn’t vibrate with sound

17
Q

what does spiral ganglion innervate

A

hair cells

18
Q

diagram of organ of corti (spiral organ)

A
19
Q

how many otolith organs in each ear, and what are the two components

A

5 otolith organs (saccule and utricle)

20
Q

what is the saccule connected to

A

cochlear

21
Q

what is the utricle connected to

A

saccule

22
Q

what connect to utricle

A

semicircular canals (anterior, posterior, lateral)

23
Q

why is there fluid in vesitbular part of labyrinth as well as auditory part

A

help move hair cells to make transduction due to movement of head