ATI Science- Respiratory System Flashcards
Upper respiratory system includes
nose, nasal cavity, mouth, pharynx, larynx
lower respiratory system includes
trachea, lungs and bronchial tree
throat
pharynx
voice box
larynx
windpipe
trachea
lines airways, and traps microbes/debris and sweeps them towards back of the mouth
cilia
air sacs where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out
alveoli
surrounds lungs and reduces friction bewteen surfaces when breathing
pleural membrane
right lung has ____ lobes and left lung has ____ , leaving room for the ____
3; 2; the heart
body system that supplies body with oxygen, and rids boy of carbon dioxide;
respiratory system
Where does gas exchange occur?
Alveoli
filters air via nasal passages; responsible for speech via larynx; sense of smell via nasal cavity
respiratory system
What can increase blood pH during acidosis (low pH)?
Hyperventilation
How can blood pH be lowered during alkalosis (high pH)?
Slow breathing
inspiration aka
inhalation
During ____ , diaphragm _______ & moves _______, _________ the size of chest cavity.
inhalation; contracts; downward; increasing
Both of these contract in the breathing process to expand the lungs
diaphragm and intercostal muscles
As volume inside of chest cavity ______, pressure inside the chest cavity ________ .
increases; decreases
when diaphragm & intercostal muscles relax, chest cavity decreases forcing air out of lungs
expiration (exhalation)
part of brain that breathing process is controlled by
medulla oblongata
Medulla oblongata monitors level of _____ in blood, and signals breathing rate to ____ when these levels are too high
carbon dioxide; increase
Which of the following is NOT a product of respiration?
Oxygen
the act of breathing
respiration
In respiration, human inhales ____ ?? contains ________?
Air; Air contains oxygen
Inhaling oxygen produces _____ and exhales __________?
ATP/energy; exhales nitrogen, CO2, and water (in form of vapor)
_______ is a vital component in respiratory system, but is not produced by respiratory system
Oxygen
In the lungs, how is oxygen from the air get to the blood?
via diffusion
Which of the following choices best describes the location of the trachea in relation to the esophagus?
anterior
