ATI Science- Lymphatic/Immune & Digestive System

Question 1

Functions of lymphatic system

Answer 1

return excess fluids to bloodstream

Question 2

Lymphoid organs

Answer 2

lymph nodes, spleen, appendix, adenoids, thymus, tonsils, small tissues on small intestines

Question 3

Lymph nodes contain

Answer 3

lymphocytes and plasma cells

Question 4

filters old RBCs , macrophages, unwanted materials out of the blood and helps fight infections

Answer 4

spleen; located in ULQ

Question 5

secretes hormones and major site of lymphocyte production

Answer 5

thymus

Question 6

How does the digestive system function?

Answer 6

Movement, secretion, digestion, and absorption

Question 7

Digestion process in human body

Answer 7

Mouth>Pharynx> Esophagus > Stomach > Small Intestine> Large Intestine > Rectum > Anus

Question 8

Functions of stomach

Answer 8

mix/store food; dissolve food; load food to small intestine

Question 9

Protein digestion begins where?

Answer 9

Stomach

Question 10

Saliva contains _____ that breakdown starch in process of digestion

Answer 10

enzymes

Question 11

Absorption begins where?

Answer 11

Small intestine

Question 12

Passage of nutrients through plasma membranes into the blood/ lymph and supplied to the rest of body

Answer 12

Absorption

Question 13

Chemical breakdown of nutrients into smaller units

Answer 13

Digestion

Question 14

Small intestines aka _____ large intestine aka ________

Answer 14

“the dums”(duodenum, jejunum and illeum) and “the colons”

Question 15

organ that makes and secretes bile and process/ purify blood containing newly absorbed nutrients that are coming from the small intestine.

Answer 15

liver; (located in URQ)

Question 16

organ that secretes digestive enzymes that break down sugars, fats, and starches

Answer 16

pancreas

Question 17

exocrine tissue function vs endocrine tissue function of pancreas

Answer 17

secretes digestive enzymes vs secretes hormones (insulin) into bloodstream

Question 18

acidic fluid w/ partially digested food that passes from stomach to small intestine

Answer 18

chyme

Question 19

concentrates, mixes and stores waste material

Answer 19

large intestine/colon

Question 20

Process of how food moves through GI tract

Answer 20

Peristalsis

Question 21

Immune system includes

Answer 21

lymphatic system, red bone marrow and WBCs

Question 22

filters pathogens/ foreign substances

Answer 22

lymph nodes

Question 23

located in pharynx, protects against pathogens entering body via mouth/throat- made up of lymphatic tissue

Answer 23

tonsils

Question 24

where immature T cells formed in bone marrow mature; made up of lymphatic tissue

Answer 24

thymus

Question 25

cleans the blood of dead cells and pathogens; made up of lymphatic tissue

Answer 25

spleen

Question 26

protect digestive system from pathogens- made up of lymphatic tissue

Answer 26

peyers patches

Question 27

Body's general immune defense includes

Answer 27

skin, mucous membranes, exocrine gland & gastric secretions, normal microbiome

Question 28

immune cell that surrounds and kill microorganisms, ingest foreign material, and remove dead cells

Answer 28

phagocyte

Question 29

act as complement system to repel bacteria and pathogens

Answer 29

plasma proteins

Question 30

phagocytes that alert T cells to the presence of foreign substances

Answer 30

macrophages

Question 31

direct fighters; attack cells infected by virus/bacteria; produces cytokines

Answer 31

T lymphocytes

Question 32

targets specific bacteria for destruction

Answer 32

B lymphocytes

Question 33

WBCs are produced where?

Answer 33

In red bone marrow

Question 34

Examples of leukocytes

Answer 34

Monocytes, granulocytes, T & B lymphocytes, NK cells

Question 35

presents antigens to T cells

Answer 35

dendritic cells

Question 36

destroy cells that are infected cells

Answer 36

Killer T cells

Question 37

remain in the blood to protected against future infection

Answer 37

Memory T cells

Question 38

produce specific antibodies for specific pathogens

Answer 38

B lymphocytes

Question 39

Specific antibodies are produced for each antigen that enters the body

Answer 39

True

Question 40

How do antibodies work?

Answer 40

Antibodies bind to antigens on the surface of pathogens and mark them for destruction

Question 41

Proteins on the surface of bacteria, virus and fungi

Answer 41

Antigens

Question 42

exposed and builds immunity to a pathogen w/o immunization

Answer 42

naturally acquired active immunity

Question 43

exposed and builds immunity to a pathogen by a vaccine

Answer 43

artificial acquired active immunity

Question 44

immunity passed during pregnancy., as antibodies move from mom's bloodstream to fetus bloodsteam until childhood

Answer 44

naturally acquired passive immunity

Question 45

refers to the process of exposing the individual to an antigen to generate an adaptive immune response,

Answer 45

active immunity

Question 46

the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another, provides immediate/ short-lived protection, lasting weeks or months

Answer 46

passive immunity

Question 47

Which section of the digestive system is responsible for receiving chyme and further digesting it?

Answer 47

Duodenum*located in small intestine*

Question 48

Where is interstitial fluid found?

Answer 48

In the tissues around cells

Question 49

fluid secreted by liver that helps in breaking down the fatty substances or lipid molecules present in the food product

Answer 49

bile